Neurally underdeveloped cuttlefish newborns exhibit social learning

Sampaio, Eduardo; Ramos, Catarina S; Bernardino, Bruna L M; Bleunven, Maela; Augustin, Marta L; Moura, Érica; Lopes, Vanessa M.; Rosa, Rui

doi:10.1007/s10071-020-01411-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Observer cuttlefish achieved greater learning success and faster learning rates (observational learning; Heyes, 1994) than demonstrators (instrumental learning). Sampaio et al (2020) and Fiorito & Scotto (1992) observed similar patterns in cuttlefish newborns and common octopus, respectively, supporting the hypothesis that social learning represents an important advantage in preventing energy and time expenditure associated with trial-and-error learning. This concurs in corvids, which exhibit adaptations to sociality through optimized social learning (Templeton et al, 1999).…”

Section: Inhibitory Control and Motivation To Huntsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…From video recordings, the latency to the first attack (up to 600 seconds) was registered according to the function (demonstrator or observer) and the treatment. The criterion for successful learning was defined as three consecutive trials wherein cuttlefish did not attack the prawn (Sampaio et al, 2020). Successful learning from the demonstrators was considered asocial learning, whereas learning from the observers was considered social learning.…”

Section: Asocial and Social Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cephalopod vertebrate-like cognitive abilities provide them with a vast learning capability (Hanlon & Messenger, 2018c). Regarding cuttlefishes, although no learning was registered regarding hunting techniques (Boal et al, 2000) nor danger avoidance (Huang & Chiao, 2012) in adult Sepia officinalis, newborns do learn from conspecifics (Sampaio et al, 2020). This behavior is an advantage of social groupings, as it saves time and energy by preventing trial-and-error learning (Coussi-Korbel & Fragaszy, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen loss compromises the survival and cognition of a coastal cephalopod

Court¹,

Macau²,

Ranucci³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The ocean is undergoing deoxygenation and the spread of hypoxic areas. Ocean deoxygenation and standing levels of hypoxia are shrinking fundamental niches, particularly in coastal areas, yet documented repercussions on species development and behavior are limited. Here, we tackled the impacts of deoxygenation (7 mg O2 L-1), mild hypoxia (nocturnal 5 mg O2 L-1), and severe hypoxia (2 mg O2 L-1) on cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) development (hatching success, development time, mantle length) and behavior, i.e., ability to learn (associative- and socially), to camouflage, and to explore its surroundings spatially. We found that hypoxia yielded lower survival rates, smaller body sizes and inhibited predatory (increased latency to attack the prey) and anti-predator (camouflage) behaviors. Acute and chronic exposure to low oxygen produced similar effects on cognition (inability to socially learn, increased open-field activity levels, no changes in thigmotaxis). It is thus expected that, although cuttlefish can withstand oxygen limitation to a certain degree, expanding hypoxic zones will diminish current habitat suitability.

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Section: Inhibitory Control and Motivation To Huntsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Asocial and Social Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen loss compromises the survival and cognition of a coastal cephalopod

Court¹,

Macau²,

Ranucci³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Notably, this shift can be achieved only by making appropriate cross-species comparisons and not limiting focus to species that are most closely related to humans (Kamil, 1987; Papini, 2002; Shettleworth, 1993; Vonk et al, 2020). In the past century, researchers have uncovered fascinating behavior in species that are not commonly studied (for example, social learning in cuttlefish, Sampaio et al, 2021; gaze-following in tortoises, Wilkinson et al, 2010; tool use in brown bears, Deecke, 2012; Waroff et al, 2017; oddity learning in honeybees, Muszynski & Couvillon, 2020; relational reasoning in ducks, Martinho & Kacelnik, 2016; and mirror self-recognition in cleaner wrasse, Kohda et al, 2019). Hobhouse (1901; as cited by Greenberg, 1987) acknowledged the importance of studying animal collections for comparative research at the turn of the past century, as did other comparative psychologists (Washburn, 1908), but he also noted that researchers were slow to adopt such practices.…”

Section: Meaningless Debatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The journey in comparative psychology matters more than the destination.

Vonk

2021

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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The Journal of Comparative Psychology has enjoyed a century of publishing some of the best investigations of animal behavior, often with reference to human cognition and behavior. This long history has manifested many paradigm-like shifts. Researchers have fluctuated between treating animals as models of human learning to emphasizing stark differences between animal and human behavior to stressing psychological continuity across species. At this time, there appears little consensus regarding questions of psychological continuity. I argue that this is a futile debate. Rather than focusing on behavior in nonhuman animals that represent potential parallels to human psychology (or behavior), comparative psychologists should focus on questions of development, function, and mechanism of behavior to better understand the behavior of all species in biological context. A focus on understanding underlying mechanisms for behavior rather than settling on behavioral outcomes alone as diagnostic of a species’ status on some imaginary scale of progress will help address anthropocentric biases in current approaches. A focus on the “why” and “how” questions espoused by Tinbergen over half a century ago will move the field in better alignment with related fields, such as ethology, and provide greater insights into both animal and human minds.

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“…In cuttlefish, however, previous studies on juvenile/adult cuttlefish reported no improved hunting behaviour (Boal et al, 2000) or danger avoidance (Huang & Chiao, 2013) through observational learning. Contrarily, a recent study from Sampaio et al (2021) exhibited that cuttlefish hatchlings can use social information, obtained through observing conspecifics, to improve their predatory behaviour. As cuttlefish hatch in close proximity to their conspecifics, it can be hypothesised that the (inevitable) close vicinity to other hatchlings might facilitate social learning, whereas this feature diminishes as cuttlefish grow and exhibit (at least at certain times) a more solitary lifestyle.…”

Section: S Officinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoaling behaviour in the European cuttlefishSepia officinalis

Drerup

Cooke²

2021

Ethology

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Forming groups and social structures is a widespread phenomenon in the animal kingdom that offers a range of ecological advantages, such as increasing the opportunity to find resources or conspecifics for mating, reducing the risk of predation and potentially even social learning (Krause & Ruxton, 2002;Ward & Webster, 2016a). Social groups may be relatively short lived, such as in lekking species that group for reproduction, while other species may live in tight social groups their entire lives, for example the naked mole-rat Heterocephalus glaber (Reeve et al., 1990), with many animals fitting somewhere in the middle. Birds and fish often form loose groups, termed "flocks" and "shoals," respectively (Pitcher, 1986), that may forage or migrate together. Furthermore, groups of fish that synchronise their swimming velocity and direction are considered as "schools" (Krause et al., 2000;Pitcher, 1986).

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Neurally underdeveloped cuttlefish newborns exhibit social learning

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Oxygen loss compromises the survival and cognition of a coastal cephalopod

Oxygen loss compromises the survival and cognition of a coastal cephalopod

The journey in comparative psychology matters more than the destination.

Shoaling behaviour in the European cuttlefishSepia officinalis

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