Neural underpinnings of action adaptation in the subthalamic nucleus

Herz, Damian M.; Bange, Manuel; González‐Escamilla, Gabriel; Auer, Miriam; Bogacz, Rafał; Groppa, Sergiu; Brown, Peter

doi:10.1101/2022.06.28.497904

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 65 publications

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“…Further analysis of the data was performed using FieldTrip [74] implemented in Matlab (R 2019a, The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA). All scripts are available on https://data.mrc.ox.ac.uk [75]. The data were imported to Matlab, high-pass filtered at 1 Hz using a fourth-order Butterworth filter, bandstop filtered between 49 and 51 Hz (FieldTrip function ft_preprocessing) and downsampled to 200 Hz using an anti-aliasing filter at 100 Hz (ft_resample).…”

Section: Processing Of Stn Lfpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modulation of subthalamic nucleus activity facilitates adaptive behavior

et al. 2023

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Adapting actions to changing goals and environments is central to intelligent behavior. There is evidence that the basal ganglia play a crucial role in reinforcing or adapting actions depending on their outcome. However, the corresponding electrophysiological correlates in the basal ganglia and the extent to which these causally contribute to action adaptation in humans is unclear. Here, we recorded electrophysiological activity and applied bursts of electrical stimulation to the subthalamic nucleus, a core area of the basal ganglia, in 16 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) on medication using temporarily externalized deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes. Patients as well as 16 age- and gender-matched healthy participants attempted to produce forces as close as possible to a target force to collect a maximum number of points. The target force changed over trials without being explicitly shown on the screen so that participants had to infer target force based on the feedback they received after each movement. Patients and healthy participants were able to adapt their force according to the feedback they received (P < 0.001). At the neural level, decreases in subthalamic beta (13 to 30 Hz) activity reflected poorer outcomes and stronger action adaptation in 2 distinct time windows (Pcluster-corrected < 0.05). Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus reduced beta activity and led to stronger action adaptation if applied within the time windows when subthalamic activity reflected action outcomes and adaptation (Pcluster-corrected < 0.05). The more the stimulation volume was connected to motor cortex, the stronger was this behavioral effect (Pcorrected = 0.037). These results suggest that dynamic modulation of the subthalamic nucleus and interconnected cortical areas facilitates adaptive behavior.

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Section: Processing Of Stn Lfpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modulation of subthalamic nucleus activity facilitates adaptive behavior

et al. 2023

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Moving, fast and slow: behavioural insights into bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease

Herz

Brown

2023

Brain

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The debilitating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease including the hallmark slowness of movement, termed bradykinesia, were described more than 100 years ago. Despite significant advances in elucidating the genetic, molecular and neurobiological changes in Parkinson’s disease, it remains conceptually unclear why exactly patients with Parkinson’s disease move slowly. To address this, we summarize behavioural observations of movement slowness in Parkinson’s disease and discuss these findings in a behavioural framework of optimal control. In this framework, agents optimize the time it takes to gather and harvest reward by adapting their movement vigour depending on the reward that is at stake and the effort that needs to be expended. Thus, slow movements can be favourable when the reward is deemed unappealing or the movement very costly. While reduced reward sensitivity, which makes patients less inclined to work for reward, has been reported in Parkinson’s disease, this appears to be mainly related to motivational deficits (apathy) rather than bradykinesia. Increased effort sensitivity has been proposed to underlie movement slowness in Parkinson’s disease. However, careful behavioural observations of bradykinesia are inconsistent with abnormal computations of effort costs due to accuracy constraints or movement energetic expenditure. These inconsistencies can be resolved when considering that a general disability to switch between stable and dynamic movement states can contribute to an abnormal composite effort cost related to movement in Parkinson’s disease. This can account for paradoxical observations such as the abnormally slow relaxation of isometric contractions or difficulties in halting a movement in Parkinson’s disease, both of which increase movement energy expenditure. A sound understanding of the abnormal behavioural computations mediating motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease will be vital for linking them to their underlying neural dynamics in distributed brain networks and for grounding future experimental studies in well-defined behavioural frameworks.

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Neural underpinnings of action adaptation in the subthalamic nucleus

Cited by 2 publications

References 65 publications

Dynamic modulation of subthalamic nucleus activity facilitates adaptive behavior

Dynamic modulation of subthalamic nucleus activity facilitates adaptive behavior

Moving, fast and slow: behavioural insights into bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease

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