Neural Tube Defects and Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia

Edris, Yunus; Abdurahman, Hanan; Desalew, Assefa; Weldegebreal, Fitsum

doi:10.1177/2333794x20974218

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Spina bifida accounted for the majority (77.8%) of cases, and anencephaly and encephalocele accounted for 11.1% each. This is comparable to the study done at NICU in HFSUH Eastern Ethiopia having a prevalence of 5.71%; of these, 20 (83.5%) and 4 (16.5%) had spina bifida and encephalocele respectively ( 18 ). NTDs were defined as cases of anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele based on ICD-10 criteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Neural tube defects among new borns: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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BackgroundNeural tube defects are a major public health issue that contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries such as Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence, magnitude, and associated factors of neural tube defects. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate neural tube defects and associated factors in JUMC.MethodsThis study was an institution-based cross-sectional study conducted from June to September 2021. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Independent variables with a p-value < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant with neural tube defects.ResultsThe prevalence of NTDs in this study was 3.6%. Preterm newborns with GA < 34 AOR 2.9(1.2–9.7), newborns with birth weight b/n 1,000–1,499 AOR 5.2(1.1–9.4), born with weight b/n 1,500–2,499 AOR 2.1(1.3–8.7), exposure to smoke AOR 2.1(1.2–8.8), radiation AOR 6.8(1.3–14.5), at least one history of abortion AOR 10.1(7.2–21.0) and mothers with AED intake AOR 5.7(2.3–18.4) were found to be associated significantly.ConclusionThe results indicated a significant frequency of neural tube abnormalities in newborns. The use of AEDs, abortion, and radiation have all been linked to those NTD cases. Pregnant women are advised to learn more about the need of beginning prenatal care as soon as possible because the aforementioned issues will be addressed during this treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Neural tube defects among new borns: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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“…With respect to the geographical coverage of studies, a total of eight studies were cross-regional studies (studies taken in two or more regions of the country), among them three studies took place in Addis Ababa and Amhara region simultaneously,59–61 four studies were conducted in east part of county including Oromia, Harari, Somalia and Dire Dawa city administration62–65 and one study was carried out in Sidama and Southern Ethiopia region 66. On the other hand, the remaining studies were exclusively conducted in four regions and one city administration (Addis Ababa=5,67–71 Amhara=13,72–84 Harari=1,85 Oromia=1086–95 and Tigray=596–100). As displayed in the annex section, online supplemental table 3, a total of 611 064 participants were involved in 42 studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth prevalence and risk factors of neural tube defects in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tesfay,

Hailu,

Habtetsion

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) and to identify potential risk factors in the Ethiopian context.Study designSystematic review and meta-analysis.Study participantsA total of 611 064 participants were included in the review obtained from 42 studies.MethodsPubMed (Medline), Embase and Cochrane Library databases in combination with other potential sources of literature were systematically searched, whereby studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 were targeted in the review process. All observational studies were included and heterogeneity between studies was verified using Cochrane Q test statistics and I2test statistics. Small study effects were checked using Egger’s statistical test at a 5% significance level.ResultThe pooled prevalence of all NTDs per 10 000 births in Ethiopia was 71.48 (95% CI 57.80 to 86.58). The between-study heterogeneity was high (I2= 97.49%, p<0.0001). Birth prevalence of spina bifida (33.99 per 10 000) was higher than anencephaly (23.70 per 10 000), and encephalocele (4.22 per 10 000). Unbooked antenatal care (AOR 2.26, 95% CI (1.30 to 3.94)), preconception intake of folic acid (AOR 0.41, 95% CI (0.26 to 0.66)), having chronic medical illness (AOR 2.06, 95% CI (1.42 to 2.99)), drinking alcohol (AOR 2.70, 95% CI (1.89 to 3.85)), smoking cigarette (AOR 2.49, 95% CI (1.51 to 4.11)), chewing khat (AOR 3.30, 95% CI (1.88 to 5.80)), exposure to pesticides (AOR 3.87, 95% CI (2.63 to 5.71)), maternal age ≥35 (AOR 1.90, 95% CI (1.13 to 3.25)), maternal low educational status (AOR 1.60, 95% CI (1.13 to 2.24)), residing in urban areas (AOR 0.75, 95% CI (0.58 to 0.97))and family history of NTDs (AOR 2.51, 95% CI (1.36 to 4.62)) were associated with NTD cases.ConclusionThe prevalence of NTDs in Ethiopia is seven times as high as in other Western countries where prevention measures are put in place. Heredity, maternal and environmental factors are associated with a high prevalence of NTDs. Mandatory fortification of staple food with folic acid should be taken as a priority intervention to curb the burden of NTDs. To smoothen and overlook the pace of implementation of mass fortification, screening, and monitoring surveillance systems should be in place along with awareness-raising measures.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023413490.

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“…A structured questionnaire that had been utilized in Ethiopia before [ 32 , 38 , 39 ] was employed in this investigation. The questionnaire was prepared in English first, then translated into local languages (Afan Oromo, Amharic, and AF Somali), and then back to English by language experts to ensure consistency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NTD research is uncommon in Ethiopia, particularly in the eastern region. The burden of NTDs was 5.71% among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Hiwot Fana Specialized Hospital (HFCSH) in Harar in a cross-sectional study of NTDs and associated factors [ 32 ]. A retrospective cohort study of neonates born in three referral hospitals in Ethiopia revealed an unacceptably high rate of NTDs, 107.5 per 10,000 live births, which was five times higher than the WHO estimate for Ethiopia [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in public referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohamed,

Dheresa,

Raru

et al. 2023

BMC Nutr

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Background Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious brain and spine birth defects. Although NTDs are primarily pregnancy complications, such as abortion and stillbirth, they also contribute to under-five morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term disability and psychological impact. Despite these negative outcomes, the determinants of NTDs are not widely studied in Ethiopia, particularly in the country’s east. As a result, we sought to identify the risk factors for NTDs in neonates born in public referral hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based unmatched case-control study was carried out at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Sheik Hassen Yabare Jigjiga University Referral Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia. We included 59 cases identified in the selected facilities between September 10, 2021, and February 5, 2022, and 118 control neonates, with a case-to-control ratio of 1:2. Data were gathered through the use of interviewer-administered questionnaires and medical record review. To identify determinant factors of NTDs, a multivariable logistic regression model was used, which included all predictor variables from the bivariable analysis. The results were reported using an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In total, 59 cases of NTDs were identified out of 2915 live birth total births registered in the two hospitals, making the incidence of NTDs 202.4/10,000 births. In the final model analysis, determinant factors such as gender of newborn [AOR = 2.97; 95%CI(1.27, 6.92)], having no history of antenatal care[AOR = 4.45;95%CI(1.30,15.20)], having a poor food consumption score (AOR = 3.38;95% CI;1.06,10.72), having history of monotonous diet consumption (AOR = 4.80; 95%CI: 1.09, 9.08; P = 0.038), and coffee consumption of three or more cups per day during pregnancy (AOR = 3.84:95% CI: 1.23, 11.97) were statistically associated with NTDs. Conclusion Modifiable and non-modifiable determinants were identified as major contributors of neural tube defect in this study. Early screening, dietary intervention counseling to increase consumption of a healthy diet, coffee consumption reduction, and pre-pregnancy supplementation programs should be developed to reduce NTDs in Ethiopia.

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Neural Tube Defects and Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Neural tube defects among new borns: a cross-sectional study

Neural tube defects among new borns: a cross-sectional study

Birth prevalence and risk factors of neural tube defects in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in public referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia

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