Neural Structure and Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by changes in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior, recognized as a public health problem with a sharp increase in its prevalence in the world population. It is known that brain functioning in individuals with ASD presents important deficits. It is essential to understand these deficits to identify and promote new management strategies for the development of this population with ASD. In this sense, the objective of this chapter is to present, through a literature review, the main risk factors that make up ASD, by showing classic and current findings based on neurophysiological changes and treatments.