Neural stimulation technologies

Andersen, Torben; Bó, Antônio Padilha Lanari; Watkins, Greg; Mohammad, Shekeeb S; McEwan, Alistair

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820594-5.00011-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…[10] Stimulation pulses can be applied in various waveforms, with pulse widths ranging from 10 to 250 μs, amplitudes from 0.2 to 5 mA, and frequencies varying from 0.5 to 10 kHz depending on the specific application. [30,31] Therefore, the TFTs used in this context must be capable of responding to a wide bandwidth, delivering current pulses above microamperes, and most importantly, they should exhibit high stability and resilience when subjected to the constant electrical stress imposed by these applications. To further characterize the electrical properties of the TFTs and demonstrate the potential of the 2T1E circuit, we conducted a frequency test to analyze the electrical response of each TFT and determine their operational limitations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible a‐IGZO TFT‐Based Circuit for Active Addressing in Neural Stimulation Electrode Arrays

Rodriguez‐Lopez,

Rocha‐Flores,

Maeng

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Neural interfaces have undergone significant advancements in recent decades, aiming for flexible, compact, and high‐density electrode arrays with a large number of channels. However, the scalability of these devices is often hindered by the number of wires needed to separately connect each electrode to external electronics. To address this limitation, thin‐film transistor (TFT)‐based electronic circuits offer a promising solution by enabling active addressing of stimulation electrodes and potentially increasing the channel count with fewer interconnections. This paper presents the integration of a circuit comprising two amorphous indium–gallium–zinc‐oxide (a‐IGZO) TFTs and a titanium nitride (TiN) electrode on a flexible polymer platform. This circuit precisely controls the electrode's On/Off states and the delivery of current for nerve stimulation. Characterization studies involving frequency and electrochemical analysis demonstrate the TFT‐based circuit's capability to operate at high frequencies, deliver biphasic stimulation pulses to the electrode, and store sufficient charge for effective neural stimulation. Moreover, the a‐IGZO TFTs exhibit remarkable stability during repeated gate voltage sweeps with minimal changes in electrical performance. This circuit has the potential to be extended to active‐matrix devices that enable electrode arrays with a high number of channels and enhanced spatial resolution, which is crucial for selective neural stimulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible a‐IGZO TFT‐Based Circuit for Active Addressing in Neural Stimulation Electrode Arrays

Rodriguez‐Lopez,

Rocha‐Flores,

Maeng

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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A perspective on the use of light as a driving element for bio-hybrid actuation

Vurro

Venturino

Lanzani

2022

Applied Physics Letters

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Bio-hybrid actuators are devices based on muscle cells or tissues, designed to exploit the force generated by the biological element to execute an action or a movement. Typically, cells and tissue control are achieved electrically by using metal electrodes implanted in living elements. In this Perspective, we focus our attention on an alternative stimulation approach based on light. We highlight the potential of light stimulation in terms of performance and discuss the comparison with classical electrical stimulation. Finally, we discuss future challenges and possible applications of light-controlled actuators.

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Neural stimulation technologies

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Flexible a‐IGZO TFT‐Based Circuit for Active Addressing in Neural Stimulation Electrode Arrays

Flexible a‐IGZO TFT‐Based Circuit for Active Addressing in Neural Stimulation Electrode Arrays

A perspective on the use of light as a driving element for bio-hybrid actuation

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