Neural Stem Cell Isolation and Characterization

Rietze, Rodney L.; Reynolds, Brent A.

doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(06)19001-1

Cited by 200 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Neural cultures set up according to the EXP1a design were kept as floating neurosphere cultures under antidifferentiative conditions [57] and were FACS-profiled each week, starting from 7 days postinfection (dpi) up to 28 dpi. Based on statespecific promoter-driven fluorescence, eight compartments (corresponding to defined cell types or cell type sets, Fig.…”

Section: Kinetics Of Precursor-compartment Sizes On Emx2 or Foxg1 Ovementioning

confidence: 99%

Emx2 and Foxg1 Inhibit Gliogenesis and Promote Neuronogenesis

et al. 2010

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Neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to all cell types forming the cortex: neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The transition from the former to the latter ones takes place via lineage-restricted progenitors in a highly regulated way. This process is mastered by large sets of genes, among which some implicated in central nervous system pattern formation. The aim of this study was to disentangle the kinetic and histogenetic roles exerted by two of these genes, Emx2 and Foxg1, in cortico-cerebral precursors. For this purpose, we set up a new integrated in vitro assay design. Embryonic cortical progenitors were transduced with lentiviral vectors driving overexpression of Emx2 and Foxg1 in NSCs and neuronal progenitors. Cells belonging to different neuronogenic and gliogenic compartments were labeled by spectrally distinguishable fluoroproteins driven by cell type-specific promoters and by cell type-specific antibodies and were scored via multiplex cytofluorometry and immunocytofluorescence. A detailed picture of Emx2 and Foxg1 activities in cortico-cerebral histogenesis resulted from this study. Unexpectedly, we found that both genes inhibit gliogenesis and promote neuronogenesis, through distinct mechanisms, and Foxg1 also dramatically stimulates neurite outgrowth. Remarkably, such activities, alone or combined, may be exploited to ameliorate the neuronal output obtainable from neural cultures, for purposes of cell-based brain repair. STEM CELLS

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Section: Kinetics Of Precursor-compartment Sizes On Emx2 or Foxg1 Ovementioning

confidence: 99%

Emx2 and Foxg1 Inhibit Gliogenesis and Promote Neuronogenesis

et al. 2010

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“…86,87 Typically, neurosphere culture begins with a single neural cell suspension, which is further cultured in defined serum-free medium supplemented with growth factors (EGF and bFGF) in ultra-low attachment plates. [86][87][88][89] A small population (<0.1%) of primary neural cells could proliferate to form a ball of undifferentiated cells called a neurosphere, which in turn could be dissociated to form more secondary spheres. [86][87][88] It was shown that neurospheres consist of 4-20% neural stem cells, the rest of the population represents progenitor cells in various stages of differentiation.…”

Section: Isolation and Enrichment Of Cancer Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[86][87][88][89] A small population (<0.1%) of primary neural cells could proliferate to form a ball of undifferentiated cells called a neurosphere, which in turn could be dissociated to form more secondary spheres. [86][87][88] It was shown that neurospheres consist of 4-20% neural stem cells, the rest of the population represents progenitor cells in various stages of differentiation. 90,91 In 2003, Dontu and colleague successfully applied sphere culture techniques to culture and enrich mammary stem/progenitor cells.…”

Section: Isolation and Enrichment Of Cancer Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells: Models, mechanisms and implications for improved treatment

Zhou

Zhang

2008

Cell Cycle

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Cancer stem cell research has drawn a lot of attention recently. The importance of cancer stem cell research lies in the possibility of providing new approaches for improved understanding of cancer biology and cancer treatment. However, cancer stem cell research is still at its infancy. In this review, we will discuss the concept of cancer stem cells and the commonly used approaches for isolating or enriching cancer stem cells. We then review the common features of cancer stem cells including resistance to cancer drugs and stresses such as hypoxia and radiation. We also summarize signaling pathways which might be preferentially important for cancer stem cells. Finally, we will propose a new Yin-Yang model of cancer stem cells and discuss the possibility of developing new drugs that target cancer stem cells for improved treatment of cancer.

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“…Moreover, a single neurosphere may not be derived from a single NSC [48] . The possible heterogenic origin of neurospheres could not guarantee the homogeneity of in vitro expanded aNSCs in the suspension culture conditions [49][50][51] .…”

Section: Breakthroughs In the Use Of Adult Neural Stem Cells For Neurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult human neural stem cell therapeutics: Current developmental status and prospect

Nam

Lee

Nam

et al. 2015

WJSC

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Over the past two decades, regenerative therapies using stem cell technologies have been developed for various neurological diseases. Although stem cell therapy is an attractive option to reverse neural tissue damage and to recover neurological deficits, it is still under development so as not to show significant treatment effects in clinical settings. In this review, we discuss the scientific and clinical basics of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs), and their current developmental status as cell therapeutics for neurological disease. Compared with other types of stem cells, aNSCs have clinical advantages, such as limited proliferation, inborn differentiation potential into functional neural cells, and no ethical issues. In spite of the merits of aNSCs, difficulties in the isolation from the normal brain, and in the in vitro expansion, have blocked preclinical and clinical study using aNSCs. However, several groups have recently developed novel techniques to isolate and expand aNSCs from normal adult brains, and showed successful applications of aNSCs to neurological diseases. With new technologies for aNSCs and their clinical strengths, previous hurdles in stem cell therapies for neurological diseases could be overcome, to realize clinically efficacious regenerative stem cell therapeutics.

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Neural Stem Cell Isolation and Characterization

Cited by 200 publications

References 12 publications

Emx2 and Foxg1 Inhibit Gliogenesis and Promote Neuronogenesis

Emx2 and Foxg1 Inhibit Gliogenesis and Promote Neuronogenesis

Cancer stem cells: Models, mechanisms and implications for improved treatment

Adult human neural stem cell therapeutics: Current developmental status and prospect

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