Neural (Sensory) Retina

Yanoff, Myron; Sassani, Joseph W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-04232-1.50016-5

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 395 publications

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“…In the fundus of rhesus monkeys with drusenoid maculopathy, many roundish, white drusen are concentrated in and around the fovea 73 . Drusen are focal or diffuse basement membrane products and are produced by the RPE admixed with other materials 74 . Those materials may be trapped within drusen when they pass through from RPE to choriocapillaris 74 .…”

Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drusen are focal or diffuse basement membrane products and are produced by the RPE admixed with other materials 74 . Those materials may be trapped within drusen when they pass through from RPE to choriocapillaris 74 . The presence of drusen is known as the earliest sign of human AMD 74 .…”

Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those materials may be trapped within drusen when they pass through from RPE to choriocapillaris 74 . The presence of drusen is known as the earliest sign of human AMD 74 . Histopathologically, drusenoid maculopathy in monkeys is characterized by drusen formation as extracellular deposits between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane, detachment of the RPE directly under the fovea and disorganization of the outer segments contacting the elevated RPE, which is closely similar to the histopathology of drusen in humans 73 , 75 .…”

Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of structures and lesions of the eye in laboratory animals used in toxicity studies

et al. 2015

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Histopathology of the eye is an essential part of ocular toxicity evaluation. There are structural variations of the eye among several laboratory animals commonly used in toxicity studies, and many cases of ocular lesions in these animals are related to anatomical and physiological characteristics of the eye. Since albino rats have no melanin in the eye, findings of the fundus can be observed clearly by ophthalmoscopy. Retinal atrophy is observed as a hyper-reflective lesion in the fundus and is usually observed as degeneration of the retina in histopathology. Albino rats are sensitive to light, and light-induced retinal degeneration is commonly observed because there is no melanin in the eye. Therefore, it is important to differentiate the causes of retinal degeneration because the lesion occurs spontaneously and is induced by several drugs or by lighting. In dogs, the tapetum lucidum, a multilayered reflective tissue of the choroid, is one of unique structures of the eye. Since tapetal cells contain reflecting crystals in which a high level of zinc has been demonstrated chemically, drug-induced tapetum degeneration is possibly related to zinc chelation. The eye of the monkey has a macula similar to that of humans. The macula consists only of cones with a high density, and light falls directly on the macula that plays an important role in visual acuity. Macular degeneration occurring in monkeys resembles histopathologically that of humans. Hence, the eye of the monkey is a suitable model to investigate macular degeneration and to assess drug-induced macular lesions.

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Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous and Toxic Ocular Lesions In Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of structures and lesions of the eye in laboratory animals used in toxicity studies

et al. 2015

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“…Similarly to the brain, the retina has the equivalent of white matter (plexiform and nerve fiber layers) and gray matter (nuclear and ganglion cell layers). 8 Based on these analogies, we hypothesized that the retina may also be altered in ASD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

García-Medina

García-Piñero

del-Río-Vellosillo

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…[4][5][6] Retinoschisis is known to cause absolute visual field defect; however, this case suggests that in macula involvement, visual acuity can be preserved. 7 This interesting finding may have to do with the preservation of neural connections between the inner and outer retinal layers, which could be visualised on the OCT scan in this patient. This may also be related to the degree of the separation of the retinal layers, as the schisis had just progressed above the central foveal area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%