Neural responses in the occipital cortex to unrecognizable faces

Mitsudo, Takako; Kamio, Yoko; Goto, Yoshinobu; Nakashima, Taisuke; Tobimatsu, Shozó

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2010.10.004

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Lesion studies have demonstrated that unconsciously perceived fearful face stimuli produce an amygdala response in the damaged hemifield, including the right fusiform cortex [22,23]. Similarly, our previous study [24] reported that subliminally presented face stimuli elicited an occipital P1 (approximately 120 ms) component, and also demonstrated a trend towards larger P1 amplitude in the subliminal fearful face condition.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…We adopted the backward masking paradigm from Mitsudo et al [24]. Each trial began with mask stimuli and a red fixation cross lasting 1000 ms. A prime-face stimulus was displayed for 17 ms, immediately followed by the mask stimulus for 283 ms (SOA was 300 ms) and then a target-face stimulus for 800 ms (see Fig.…”

Section: Affective Subliminal Priming Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the experiments, participants were asked if they had noticed the prime faces. Because Mitsudo et al [24] reported that threshold durations for subliminal stimuli ranged from 20 to 50 ms, our choice of a 17ms duration was sufficient for avoiding conscious perception of the prime stimuli.…”

Section: Affective Subliminal Priming Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender differences in subliminal affective face priming: A high-density ERP study

Tanaka¹,

Yamada²,

Maekawa³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Subliminal affective priming effects (SAPEs) refer to the phenomenon by which the presentation of an affective prime stimulus influences the subsequent affective evaluation of a target stimulus. Previous studies have shown that behavioural performance is affected more by unconsciously processed stimuli than by consciously processed stimuli. However, the impact of SAPEs on the face-specific N170 component is unclear. In the current study, we investigated how subliminal processing of fearful faces affected the N170 for subsequent supraliminal target faces using event-related potentials (ERPs).Methods We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to study how SAEPs for fearful faces affect the N170 for subsequent supraliminal target faces. Japanese adults (n=51, 24 females) participated in this study. Subliminal prime faces (neutral or fearful) were presented for 17 ms, followed by a backward mask for 283 ms and target faces for 800 ms (neutral, emotionally ambiguous-fearful, or fearful). ERPs (128-ch) were recorded while participants judged the expression of target faces as neutral or fearful.Results Behavioral data revealed that participants judged target faces as more fearful in the fearful face prime condition compared with the neutral prime condition, regardless of emotional expression. Interestingly, we found gender-related differences in N170 amplitude; only female participants exhibited enhanced N170 amplitude for neutral faces primed by fearful faces. Therefore, a noticeable gender difference exists in the neural processing of subliminally perceived facial emotions.Conclusions Our ERP results suggest the existence of a gender difference in target-face processing preceded by subliminally presented face stimuli in the right occipito-temporal regions.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Affective Subliminal Priming Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender differences in subliminal affective face priming: A high-density ERP study

Tanaka¹,

Yamada²,

Maekawa³

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Our data are consistent with previous findings on pattern-evoked ERPs, where decreased complexity was associated with decreased P1 magnitude (Oken et al, 1987). Recent research has also found that the P1 is magnified for faces above objects even when these stimuli are presented too quickly to be reportable (Mitsudo, Kamio, Goto, Nakashima, & Tobimatsu, 2011). This finding provides further convergent evidence that the advantage in discriminating information from more iconic images, based on low-level features, is heightened when images are presented at the threshold of detection and would first be observed at the latency of the P1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iconic faces are not real faces: enhanced emotion detection and altered neural processing as faces become more iconic

et al. 2016

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Iconic representations are ubiquitous; they fill children’s cartoons, add humor to newspapers, and bring emotional tone to online communication. Yet, the communicative function they serve remains unaddressed by cognitive psychology. Here, we examined the hypothesis that iconic representations communicate emotional information more efficiently than their realistic counterparts. In Experiment 1, we manipulated low-level features of emotional faces to create five sets of stimuli that ranged from photorealistic to fully iconic. Participants identified emotions on briefly presented faces. Results showed that, at short presentation times, accuracy for identifying emotion on more “cartoonized” images was enhanced. In addition, increasing contrast and decreasing featural complexity benefited accuracy. In Experiment 2, we examined an event-related potential component, the P1, which is sensitive to low-level visual stimulus features. Lower levels of contrast and complexity within schematic stimuli were also associated with lower P1 amplitudes. These findings support the hypothesis that iconic representations differ from realistic images in their ability to communicate specific information, including emotion, quickly and efficiently, and that this effect is driven by changes in low-level visual features in the stimuli.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41235-016-0021-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Specifically, the C1 component has consistently been reported to occur between ϳ80 and ϳ100 ms (give or take 10 ms) for a large range of stimuli varying in SF bandwidth (i.e., single sinusoidal gratings to various broad-band visual patterns). Furthermore, the broad-band stimuli that have been shown to elicit a C1 component in posterior VEPs have ranged from simple line configurations (alternating in luminance or color contrast) to spatially complex check or checkerboard patterns (also alternating in luminance or color contrast) to human face stimuli (e.g., Baseler and Sutter 1997;Butler et al 2007;Foxe et al 2008;Mitsudo et al 2011;Schechter et al 2005). Granted, Vassilev and colleagues (2002) have shown the C1 to be lagged by as much as 50 ms from the typical PSOT range for high-SF gratings, but that was only true when those stimuli were very low in Michelson contrast (ϳ5 to 15%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different spatial frequency bands selectively signal for natural image statistics in the early visual system

Hansen

Johnson

Ellemberg

2012

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Hansen BC, Johnson AP, Ellemberg D. Different spatial frequency bands selectively signal for natural image statistics in the early visual system. J Neurophysiol 108: 2160 -2172, 2012. First published July 25, 2012 doi:10.1152/jn.00288.2012.-Early visual evoked potentials (VEPs) measured in humans have recently been observed to be modulated by the image statistics of natural scene imagery. Specifically, the early VEP is dominated by a strong positivity when participants view minimally complex natural scene imagery, with the magnitude of that component being modulated by luminance contrast differences across spatial frequency (i.e., the slope of the amplitude spectrum). For scenes high in structural complexity, the early VEP is dominated by a prominent negativity that exhibits little dependency on luminance contrast. However, since natural scene imagery is broad band in terms of spatial frequency, it is not known whether the above-mentioned modulation results from a complex interaction within or between the early neural processes tuned to different bands of spatial frequency. Here, we sought to address this question by measuring early VEPs (specifically, the C1, P1, and N1 components) while human participants viewed natural scene imagery that was filtered to contain specific bands of spatial frequency information. The results show that the C1 component is largely unmodulated by the luminance statistics of natural scene imagery (being only measurable when such stimuli were made to contain high spatial frequencies). The P1 and N1, on the other hand, were observed to exhibit strong spatial frequency-dependent modulation to the luminance statistics of natural scene imagery. The results therefore suggest that the dependency of early VEPs on natural image statistics results from an interaction between the early neural processes tuned to different bands of spatial frequency.

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Neural responses in the occipital cortex to unrecognizable faces

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Gender differences in subliminal affective face priming: A high-density ERP study

Gender differences in subliminal affective face priming: A high-density ERP study

Iconic faces are not real faces: enhanced emotion detection and altered neural processing as faces become more iconic

Different spatial frequency bands selectively signal for natural image statistics in the early visual system

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