Neural responses associated with cue evoked emotional states and heroin in opiate addicts

Sell, Louise; Morris, John; Bearn, Jenny; Frackowiak, R. S. J.; Friston, Karl J.; Dolan, Raymond J.

doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00158-1

Cited by 221 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…We also found positive correlations between intensity of cigarette craving and relative glucose metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and anterior insula. These findings are consistent with brain imaging studies of exposure to cues for dependent drugs other than nicotine, in which ACC activation and similar correlations between craving and brain activity have been reported (Grant et al, 1996;Maas et al, 1998;Childress et al, 1999;Volkow et al, 1999;Garavan et al, 2000;Sell et al, 2000;Daglish et al, 2001;Kilts et al, 2001;Wexler et al, 2001;Bonson et al, 2002). While the brain structures that are associated with craving in untreated substancedependent subjects have been described, no one has yet reported the effects of standardized treatment on regional brain activation associated with exposure to drug-related cues.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The finding here of a positive correlation between craving and OFC metabolism adds to the many reports of this association in untreated substance-dependent subjects (Volkow et al, 1991(Volkow et al, , 1999Sell et al, 2000;Daglish et al, 2001;Bonson et al, 2002;Brody et al, 2002). The link between drug craving and OFC activity is the most common association found in this type of functional imaging work, and has led to the hypothesis that the OFC mediates drive and compulsive behavior associated with drug dependence (Volkow and Fowler, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…A significance threshold of P<0.005 (Z>2.72), uncorrected, was used for this analysis, along with a minimum extent threshold of 25 voxels. This threshold is similar or identical to those used in other published studies using PET and SPM to examine drug craving (Sell et al, 2000;Kilts et al, 2001;Bonson et al, 2002;Brody et al, 2002). Locations of significant voxels were determined by mapping coordinates onto group mean images of study PET and MRI scans, the PET template accompanying the SPM program, and a standard atlas (Talairach and Tournoux, 1988).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attenuation of cue-induced cigarette craving and anterior cingulate cortex activation in bupropion-treated smokers: a preliminary study

Brody

Mandelkern

Lee³

et al. 2004

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

138

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In untreated smokers, exposure to cigarette-related cues increases both the intensity of cigarette craving and relative glucose metabolism of the perigenual/ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Given that treatment with bupropion HCl reduces overall cigarette craving levels in nicotine dependent subjects, we performed a preliminary study of smokers to determine if bupropion HCl treatment attenuates cue-induced cigarette craving and associated brain metabolic activation. Thirtyseven, otherwise healthy smokers (20 untreated and 17 who had received open-label treatment with bupropion HCl) underwent two 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning sessions in randomized order-one when presented with neutral cues and the other when presented with cigarette-related cues. Bupropion-treated smokers had smaller cigarette cue-induced increases in craving scores on the Urge to Smoke (UTS) Scale and less activation of perigenual/ventral ACC metabolism from the neutral to the cigarette cue scan than untreated smokers. Thus, in addition to its known effects on spontaneous cigarette craving and withdrawal symptoms, bupropion HCl diminishes cue-induced cigarette craving and appears to attenuate cigarette cue-induced ACC activation. These results are consistent with the known effects of bupropion HCl, including its enhancement of catecholaminergic neurotransmission.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attenuation of cue-induced cigarette craving and anterior cingulate cortex activation in bupropion-treated smokers: a preliminary study

Brody

Mandelkern

Lee³

et al. 2004

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

138

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“…The work by Breiter et al (1997) is especially interesting given that both nucleus accumbens and insula activation was found. Sell et al (2000) found that craving during heroin-related visual cue stimulation correlated with left insula activity as well as orbitofrontal cortex activity. Likewise, a recent study by Brody et al (2002) found that the increased craving for cigarettes while watching a videotape of cigarette-related cues correlated with anterior insula activation bilaterally as well as the orbitofrontal cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Differential Brain Activity in Alcoholics and Social Drinkers to Alcohol Cues: Relationship to Craving

Myrick

Anton

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

471

345

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Using fMRI, our group previously found that after a sip of alcohol and exposure to alcohol beverage pictures, alcoholics compared to social drinkers had increased differential brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and anterior thalamus. This study extends this earlier work with several improvements including imaging the entire brain (rather than the anterior half previously) and recording craving, while the subjects viewed images within the scanner. In a Philips 1.5 T MRI scanner, 10 nontreatment-seeking alcoholics and 10 age-matched healthy social drinkers were given a sip of alcohol before viewing a 12 min randomized presentation of pictures of alcoholic beverages, nonalcoholic beverages, and two different visual control tasks. During picture presentation, changes in regional brain activity were measured in 15 transverse T2*-weighted blood oxygen level dependent slices. Subjects rated their urge to drink after each picture sequence. After a sip of alcohol, while viewing alcohol cues compared to viewing other beverage cues, the alcoholics, but not social drinkers, reported higher craving ratings and had increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and anterior limbic regions. Brain activity in the left nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate, and left orbitofrontal cortex significantly correlated with subjective craving ratings in alcohol subjects but not in control subjects. This study suggests, as did our earlier study, that alcoholics and not social drinkers, when exposed to alcohol cues, have increased brain activity in areas that reportedly subserve craving for other addictive substances.

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“…Several functional brain-imaging studies have now investigated the neural response to conditioned drug cues in users of various drugs of abuse, including cocaine (Grant et al, 1996;Garavan et al, 2000), alcohol (Tapert et al, 2003), opiates (Sell et al, 2000), and nicotine (Brody et al, 2002;Due et al, 2002;McClernon et al, 2005). In these studies, drug cues elicit activation of neural circuitry thought to encode the motivational and emotional value of the drug, and to play a role in the planning and control of behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Expectancy and Abstinence on the Neural Response to Smoking Cues in Cigarette Smokers: an fMRI Study

McBride

Barrett

Kelly

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

294

240

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Cues associated with drug taking can trigger relapse, drug seeking, and craving in addicted individuals. Behavioral studies suggest that drug availability and withdrawal can affect the individual response to drug cues. Moreover, the importance of subjective craving in cue-induced relapse has been questioned and an alternative model put forward according to which drug cues trigger habitual drug-seeking behaviors independently of craving. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare the brain response to smoking and control videotapes in 20 healthy smokers, while varying their expectancy to smoke and abstinence levels. The neural response to cigarette cues was strongly modulated by expectancy and, to a lesser extent, abstinence. In people expecting to smoke immediately after the scan, smoking cues activated brain areas implicated in arousal, attention, and cognitive control. However, when subjects knew they would not be allowed to smoke for 4 h, there was almost no brain activation in response to smoking cues, despite equivalent reported levels of craving. In the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the neural response was a function of both craving and expectancy. Thalamo-cingulate connectivity, thought to be an index of arousal, was greater during expectancy than nonexpectancy. Our findings confirm the importance of expectancy in the neural response to drug cues, and lend support to the theory that these cues act on brain areas involved in arousal and attention.

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Neural responses associated with cue evoked emotional states and heroin in opiate addicts

Cited by 221 publications

References 53 publications

Attenuation of cue-induced cigarette craving and anterior cingulate cortex activation in bupropion-treated smokers: a preliminary study

Attenuation of cue-induced cigarette craving and anterior cingulate cortex activation in bupropion-treated smokers: a preliminary study

Differential Brain Activity in Alcoholics and Social Drinkers to Alcohol Cues: Relationship to Craving

Effects of Expectancy and Abstinence on the Neural Response to Smoking Cues in Cigarette Smokers: an fMRI Study

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