“…Non-model-based methods are simpler and easier to implement than the model-based methods. In recent years, many non-model-based control methods have been developed to solve the tip-tracking control problem of the TLFM, for example, composite control (Lochan et al, 2018a), sliding mode control (Lochan et al, 2018b), robust control (Mohamed et al, 2016), adaptive control (Pradhan and Subudhi, 2012, 2014; Subudhi and Pradhan, 2016), intelligent control (Agee et al, 2014; Cheng, 2015), observer-based control (Zhang et al, 2017), and so forth. The above controllers handle tip-tracking issue under both kinematic and dynamics uncertainties.…”