Neural evidence accounting for interindividual variability of the McGurk illusion

Shahin, Antoine J.

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134322

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition to interstimulus variability, our study confirms and extends previous reports demonstrating that different individuals vary greatly in their susceptibility to the McGurk effect (Gentilucci and Cattaneo, 2005; Nath and Beauchamp, 2012; Strand et al, 2014; Basu Mallick et al, 2015; Magnotti and Beauchamp, 2015; Shahin, 2019). Our study used a sample size ( n = 324) that is an order of magnitude larger than most published studies of the McGurk effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These stimuli vary in efficacy, hindering across-study comparisons (Alsius et al, 2018). Other studies have reported high interstimulus variability across different stimulus exemplars of ba / ga (Jiang and Bernstein, 2011; Basu Mallick et al, 2015), pa / ka (Magnotti and Beauchamp, 2015) and ba / fa (Shahin et al, 2018; Shahin, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Because the same stimulus battery was presented to every individual, comparing scores within and across twin pairs allowed for an estimate of the magnitude of genetic and early environmental influences on McGurk susceptibility. Adding additional stimuli to the battery, such as ba / fa (Shahin, 2019), would increase generalizability at the cost of additional experimental time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One surprising fact about the McGurk effect is that even though humans are experts in audiovisual speech perception, the illusion is not universal: even among healthy young adults, some participants never perceive the illusion, while others always do (Gentilucci and Cattaneo, 2005; Nath and Beauchamp, 2012; Stevenson et al, 2012; Strand et al, 2014; Basu Mallick et al, 2015; Magnotti and Beauchamp, 2015; Shahin, 2019). The origin of this individual variability is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Laboratory Study of the McGurk Effect in 324 Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Multisensory integration of information from the talker’s voice and the talker’s mouth facilitates human speech perception. A popular assay of audiovisual integration is the McGurk effect, an illusion in which incongruent visual speech information categorically changes the percept of auditory speech. There is substantial interindividual variability in susceptibility to the McGurk effect. To better understand possible sources of this variability, we examined the McGurk effect in 324 native Mandarin speakers, consisting of 73 monozygotic (MZ) and 89 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. When tested with 9 different McGurk stimuli, some participants never perceived the illusion and others always perceived it. Within participants, perception was similar across time (r = 0.55 at a 2-year retest in 150 participants) suggesting that McGurk susceptibility reflects a stable trait rather than short-term perceptual fluctuations. To examine the effects of shared genetics and prenatal environment, we compared McGurk susceptibility between MZ and DZ twins. Both twin types had significantly greater correlation than unrelated pairs (r = 0.28 for MZ twins and r = 0.21 for DZ twins) suggesting that the genes and environmental factors shared by twins contribute to individual differences in multisensory speech perception. Conversely, the existence of substantial differences within twin pairs (even MZ co-twins) and the overall low percentage of explained variance (5.5%) argues against a deterministic view of individual differences in multisensory integration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Laboratory Study of the McGurk Effect in 324 Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Although observed in the TEP, vertex N100-P200 complexes with similar/matching time course of peak latencies and similar source activations have been more rigorously examined and described in response to sensory stimuli other than the TMS "click" sound. Many of these studies describe multisensory or cross-modal impacts on the vertex N100-P200 [69][70][71], suggesting that it is not modality specific and instead largely determined by the intrinsic saliency of the stimulus and its task relevance [28,72].…”

Section: Non-modal or Multimodal Component Contributions To The Tepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Suppression of TMS-EEG Sensory Potentials

Ross

Sarkar

Keller

2022

Preprint

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Background: The sensory experience of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evokes cortical responses measured in EEG that confound interpretation of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Methods for sensory masking have been proposed to minimize sensory contributions to the TEP, but the most effective combination for suprathreshold TMS to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is unknown. Objective: We applied sensory suppression techniques and quantified electrophysiology and perception from suprathreshold dlPFC TMS to identify the best combination to minimize the sensory TEP. Methods: In 21 healthy adults, we applied single pulse TMS at 120% resting motor threshold (rMT) to the left dlPFC and compared EEG vertex N100-P200 and perception. Conditions included three protocols: No masking (no auditory masking, no foam, jittered inter-stimulus interval (ISI)), Standard masking (auditory noise, foam, jittered ISI), and our ATTENUATE protocol (auditory noise, foam, over-the-ear protection, unjittered ISI). Results: ATTENUATE reduced vertex N100-P200 by 56%, "click" loudness perception by 50%, and scalp sensation by 36%. We show that sensory prediction, induced with predictable ISI, has a suppressive effect on vertex N100-P200, and that combining standard suppression protocols with sensory prediction provides the best N100-P200 suppression. ATTENUATE was more effective than Standard masking, which only reduced vertex N100-P200 by 22%, loudness by 27%, and scalp sensation by 24%. Conclusions: We introduce a sensory suppression protocol superior to Standard masking and demonstrate that using an unjittered ISI can contribute to minimizing sensory confounds. ATTENUATE provides superior sensory suppression to increase TEP signal-to-noise and contributes to a growing understanding of TMS-EEG sensory neuroscience.

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Experimental suppression of transcranial magnetic stimulation‐electroencephalography sensory potentials

Ross

Sarkar

Keller

2022

Human Brain Mapping

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The sensory experience of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evokes cortical responses measured in electroencephalography (EEG) that confound interpretation of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Methods for sensory masking have been proposed to minimize sensory contributions to the TEP, but the most effective combination for suprathreshold TMS to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is unknown. We applied sensory suppression techniques and quantified electrophysiology and perception from suprathreshold dlPFC TMS to identify the best combination to minimize the sensory TEP. In 21 healthy adults, we applied single pulse TMS at 120% resting motor threshold (rMT) to the left dlPFC and compared EEG vertex N100-P200 and perception. Conditions included three protocols: No masking (no auditory masking, no foam, and jittered interstimulus interval [ISI]), Standard masking (auditory noise, foam, and jittered ISI), and our ATTENUATE protocol (auditory noise, foam, over-the-ear protection, and unjittered ISI). ATTENUATE reduced vertex N100-P200 by 56%, "click" loudness perception by 50%, and scalp sensation by 36%. We show that sensory prediction, induced with predictable ISI, has a suppressive effect on vertex N100-P200, and that combining standard suppression protocols with sensory prediction provides the best N100-P200 suppression. ATTENUATE was more effective than Standard masking, which only reduced vertex N100-P200 by 22%, loudness by 27%, and scalp sensation by 24%. We introduce a sensory suppression protocol superior to Standard masking and demonstrate that using an unjittered ISI can contribute to minimizing sensory confounds. ATTENUATE provides superior sensory suppression to increase TEP signal-to-noise and contributes to a growing understanding of TMS-EEG sensory neuroscience.

show abstract

Neural evidence accounting for interindividual variability of the McGurk illusion

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

A Laboratory Study of the McGurk Effect in 324 Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

A Laboratory Study of the McGurk Effect in 324 Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

Experimental Suppression of TMS-EEG Sensory Potentials

Experimental suppression of transcranial magnetic stimulation‐electroencephalography sensory potentials

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