Neural correlates of Traditional Chinese Medicine induced advantageous risk-taking decision making

Lee, Tiffany M. Y.; Guo, Li; Shi, Hong zhi; Li, Yong zhi; Luo, Yu; Sung, Connie; Chan, Che Hin Chetwyn; Lee, Tatia M.C.

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.006

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In this study, compared to telling the truth, deception about the valence of the affectively positive pictures was associated with activity in the brain regions (inferior frontal region, cingulum, inferior parietal, precuneus, and middle temporal regions) commonly reported in neuroimaging studies on deception [5], [12], [16], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], together with activity in the visual perceptual system (BA 17) and the limbic-related regions (the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and posterior cingulate (BA 29)). Deception about the valence of negative pictures, on the other hand, was associated with activity in the orbital and medial frontal regions (BA 47 & 8), regions that are associated with emotion regulation [31], [49], [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Lying about the Valence of Affective Pictures: An fMRI Study

Lee

Raine

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

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The neural correlates of lying about affective information were studied using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methodology. Specifically, 13 healthy right-handed Chinese men were instructed to lie about the valence, positive or negative, of pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) while their brain activity was scanned by a 3T Philip Achieva scanner. The key finding is that the neural activity associated with deception is valence-related. Comparing to telling the truth, deception about the valence of the affectively positive pictures was associated with activity in the inferior frontal, cingulate, inferior parietal, precuneus, and middle temporal regions. Lying about the valence of the affectively negative pictures, on the other hand, was associated with activity in the orbital and medial frontal regions. While a clear valence-related effect on deception was observed, common neural regions were also recruited for the process of deception about the valence of the affective pictures. These regions included the lateral prefrontal and inferior parietal regions. Activity in these regions has been widely reported in fMRI studies on deception using affectively-neutral stimuli. The findings of this study reveal the effect of valence on the neural activity associated with deception. Furthermore, the data also help to illustrate the complexity of the neural mechanisms underlying deception.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Lying about the Valence of Affective Pictures: An fMRI Study

Lee

Raine

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

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“…Therefore, higher BART scores in practice are associated with better performance on the task. This suggests that to some degree, advantageous decision-making and concepts such as “functional impulsivity” play a role in BART performance (Vigil-Colet, 2007 and Lee et al, 2009), and abnormally low scores may reflect impairment in these areas. Whether functional impulsivity will be associated with clinical outcomes remains unknown; however, we hypothesize that the expression of functional impulsivity may promote positive behavioral exploration and derivation of reward therefrom, and hence may benefit cocaine dependent patients both by reducing the threshold for engaging in behaviors and by reinforcing behaviors other than the established habit of cocaine use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evidence for normalization of risk taking by modafinil in chronic cocaine users

Canavan

Forselius

Bessette

et al. 2014

Addictive Behaviors

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Modafinil, a wake-promoting agent used to treat sleep disorders, is thought to enhance cognition. Although modafinil has shown promise as a pharmacotherapy for the treatment of cocaine dependence, it is unknown to what extent cognitive effects may play a role in such treatment. We examined the effect of modafinil on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), a behavioral measure in which higher scores are purported to reflect a greater propensity for risk-taking. Thirty cocaine dependent individuals, enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of modafinil 400mg (n=12) versus placebo (n=18), were administered the BART during the second week of inpatient treatment for cocaine dependence. A comparison cohort of healthy participants (n=19) performed the BART under similar conditions. Modafinil treatment was associated with significantly higher BART scores (p=0.01), which were comparable to scores in healthy persons. BART scores in placebo treated participants were much lower than previously reported in healthy participants, and lower than those observed in the comparison cohort. As propensity toward risk taking is typically associated with higher BART scores as well as increased risk for substance use, our findings may reflect a novel aspect of cognitive impairment related to chronic cocaine use. Notably, the low BART scores reflect highly suboptimal performance on the task, and the observed effect of modafinil may indicate a normalization of this impairment and have implications for treatment outcome.

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“…A study notes that a smaller OFC volume in healthy subjects relates to high impulsivity16. Functional neuroimaging evidence also pinpoints several brain regions corresponding to impulsiveness, including the OFC, inferior frontal gyrus, ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, ACC, amygdala, ventral pallidum, insula and hippocampus17181920. In addition, pallidum activation during reward anticipation has been demonstrated to be correlated with impulsivity in alcoholics21.…”

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confidence: 99%

Brain Structural Differences between Normal and Obese Adults and their Links with Lack of Perseverance, Negative Urgency, and Sensation Seeking

Wang

Wen

Cheng

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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In order to examine the difference in brain structure between obese and normal weight individuals, and to explore the relationship between the neuroanatomical changes and impulsivity traits, this study used a voxel-based morphometry method to examine gray matter (GM) volume alterations related to impulsive personality traits in obese individuals relative to normal weight. Eighty adults that completed the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale were analyzed. Possible GM volume alterations were first analyzed at the whole brain level, and then the relationship between regional GM volume differences and UPPS-P scores were examined in selected regions of interest. Reduced GM volumes were found in the frontal and limbic regions in the obese group compared to normal weight individuals. In the normal weight group, lack of perseverance was negatively correlated with GM volume in the anterior cingulate cortex, and negative urgency was negatively correlated with GM volume in the insula. In the obese group, sensation seeking was negatively correlated with GM volume in the left amygdala and right pallidum. These findings might improve our understanding of the relationship between lack of perseverance, negative urgency, and sensation seeking and body weight fluctuations.

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Neural correlates of Traditional Chinese Medicine induced advantageous risk-taking decision making

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

Lying about the Valence of Affective Pictures: An fMRI Study

Lying about the Valence of Affective Pictures: An fMRI Study

Preliminary evidence for normalization of risk taking by modafinil in chronic cocaine users

Brain Structural Differences between Normal and Obese Adults and their Links with Lack of Perseverance, Negative Urgency, and Sensation Seeking

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