Neural Correlates of Self-referential Processing and Their Clinical Implications in Social Anxiety Disorder

Yoon, Hongsik; Seo, Eun Hyun; Kim, Jae Jin; Choo, Il Han

doi:10.9758/cpn.2019.17.1.12

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As mentioned, it is anticorrelated with task‐positive networks and interacts with other brain networks to perform top‐down emotion regulation 48 . Thus, a disrupted DMN connectivity, as we found in PD‐ANX compared to PD‐no‐ANX patients, may interfere with emotions regulation and introspective processes, both features related to anxiety disorders 49,50 . Indeed, DMN changes have been detected in patients with anxiety, 16,51‐53 with a clinical correlation with symptom severity 16 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…48 Thus, a disrupted DMN connectivity, as we found in PD-ANX compared to PDno-ANX patients, may interfere with emotions regulation and introspective processes, both features related to anxiety disorders. 49,50 Indeed, DMN changes have been detected in patients with anxiety, 16,[51][52][53] with a clinical correlation with symptom severity. 16 An intrinsic abnormal functional connectivity within the DMN has been also associated with cognitive processing in several neurodegenerative disorders, including PD, with and without cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Connectivity Correlates of Anxiety Symptoms in Drug‐Naive Parkinson's Disease Patients

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Anxiety symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). A link between anxiety and cognitive impairment in PD has been demonstrated. Objectives Using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated intrinsic brain network connectivity correlates of anxiety symptoms in a cohort of drug‐naive, cognitively unimpaired patients with PD. Methods The intrinsic functional brain connectivity of 25 drug‐naive, cognitively unimpaired PD patients with anxiety, 25 without anxiety, and 20 matched healthy controls was compared. All patients underwent a detailed behavioral and neuropsychological evaluation. Anxiety presence and severity were assessed using the Parkinson's Disease Anxiety Scale. Single‐subject and group‐level independent component analyses were used to investigate functional connectivity differences within and between the major resting‐state networks. Results Decreased connectivity within the default‐mode and sensorimotor networks (SMN), increased connectivity within the executive‐control network (ECN), and divergent connectivity measures within salience and frontoparietal networks (SN and FPN) were detected in PD patients with anxiety compared with those without anxiety. Moreover, patients with anxiety showed a disrupted inter‐network connectivity between SN and SMN, ECN, and FPN. Anxiety severity was correlated with functional abnormalities within these networks. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that an abnormal intrinsic connectivity within and between the most reported large‐scale networks may represent a potential neural correlate of anxiety symptoms in drug‐naive PD patients even in the absence of clinically relevant cognitive impairment. We hypothesize that these specific cognitive and limbic network architecture changes may represent a potential biomarker of treatment response in clinical trials. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity Correlates of Anxiety Symptoms in Drug‐Naive Parkinson's Disease Patients

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An elaborate cognitive–behavioral model proposed that pathological self-referential processing is an important factor in the developing and continuing to experience social anxiety disorder [ 5 ]. Increased activity in cortical midline structures (eg, medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex) and limbic areas (eg, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, insula) has been linked to biased self-referential processing [ 5 , 6 ] in social anxiety disorder. Altered activation in these brain areas is also correlated with abnormal self-focused attention [ 7 ], which includes socially anxious individuals’ fear of being evaluated [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality–Based Psychotherapy in Social Anxiety Disorder: fMRI Study Using a Self-Referential Task

Hur¹,

Shin²,

Jung³

et al. 2021

JMIR Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Although it has been well demonstrated that the efficacy of virtual reality therapy for social anxiety disorder is comparable to that of traditional cognitive behavioral therapy, little is known about the effect of virtual reality on pathological self-referential processes in individuals with social anxiety disorder. Objective We aimed to determine changes in self-referential processing and their neural mechanisms following virtual reality treatment. Methods We recruited participants with and without a primary diagnosis of social anxiety disorder to undergo clinical assessments (Social Phobia Scale and Post-Event Rumination Scale) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Participants with social anxiety disorder received virtual reality–based exposure treatment for 6 sessions starting immediately after baseline testing. After the sixth session, participants with social anxiety disorder completed follow-up scans during which they were asked to judge whether a series of words (positive, negative, neutral) was relevant to them. Results Of 25 individuals with social anxiety disorder who participated in the study, 21 completed the sessions and follow-up; 22 control individuals also participated. There were no significant differences in age (P=.36), sex (P=.71), or handedness (P=.51) between the groups. Whole-brain analysis revealed that participants in the social anxiety disorder group had increased neural responses during positive self-referential processing in the medial temporal and frontal cortexes compared with those in the control group. Participants in the social anxiety disorder group also showed increased left insular activation and decreased right middle frontal gyrus activation during negative self-referential processing. After undergoing virtual reality–based therapy, overall symptoms of the participants with social anxiety disorder were reduced, and these participants exhibited greater activity in a brain regions responsible for self-referential and autobiographical memory processes while viewing positive words during postintervention fMRI scans. Interestingly, the greater the blood oxygen level dependent changes related to positive self-referential processing, the lower the tendency to ruminate on the negative events and the lower the social anxiety following the virtual reality session. Compared with that at baseline, higher activation was also found within broad somatosensory areas in individuals with social anxiety disorder during negative self-referential processing following virtual reality therapy. Conclusions These fMRI findings might reflect the enhanced physiological and cognitive processing in individuals with social anxiety disorder in response to self-referential information. They also provide neural evidence of the effect of virtual reality exposure therapy on social anxiety and self-derogation.

show abstract

“…Recently, it was revealed that healthy participants who exhibited greater DMN region activity during mindfulness meditation reported greater state anxiety 81 . In individuals with anxiety, abnormal hyperactivation of the DMN may result from hypersensitivity to salient self-relevant stimuli and higher post-event rumination 82 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous brain state oscillation is associated with self-reported anxiety in a non-clinical sample

Qiao

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The anti-correlation relationship between the default-mode network (DMN) and task-positive network (TPN) may provide valuable information on cognitive functions and mental disorders. Moreover, maintaining a specific brain state and efficaciously switching between different states are considered important for self-regulation and adaptation to changing environments. However, it is currently unclear whether competitions between the DMN and TPN are associated with negative affect (here, anxiety and depression) in non-clinical samples. We measured the average dwell time of DMN dominance over the TPN (i.e., the average state duration before transition to another state, indicating persistent DMN dominance) with a sample of 302 non-clinical young adults. Subsequently, we explored individual differences in this persistent DMN dominance by examining its correlations with subjective depression and anxiety feelings. Moreover, we linked state transition between DMN/TPN dominance with right fronto-insular cortex (RFIC) blood oxygen-level dependent signal variability. We found that the average dwell time of DMN dominance was positively associated with self-reported anxiety. Furthermore, state transition between DMN or TPN dominance was positively linked to RFIC activity. These findings highlight the importance of investigating the complex and dynamic reciprocal inhibition patterns of the DMN and TPN and the important role of the RFIC in the association between these networks.

show abstract

Neural Correlates of Self-referential Processing and Their Clinical Implications in Social Anxiety Disorder

Cited by 29 publications

References 114 publications

Connectivity Correlates of Anxiety Symptoms in Drug‐Naive Parkinson's Disease Patients

Connectivity Correlates of Anxiety Symptoms in Drug‐Naive Parkinson's Disease Patients

Virtual Reality–Based Psychotherapy in Social Anxiety Disorder: fMRI Study Using a Self-Referential Task

Spontaneous brain state oscillation is associated with self-reported anxiety in a non-clinical sample

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About