Neural correlates of restrained eaters’ high susceptibility to food cues: An fMRI study

Wu, Yu; Dong, Debo; Jackson, Todd; Du, Jie; Zhou, Yang; Lü, Hui; Chen, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.017

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The insula, which serves as a “hub” between TD and BU areas [ 17 ] and has been shown to be involved in a network spanning across BU, TD and visual processing areas [ 14 ], seems to play a role specifically in adolescent AN patients. Results of increased insula activation in AN “suggest an overly sensitive brain taste reward system” [ 13 , 18 , 37 ]. The left insula also seems to be involved in interoception (it has been linked to inadequately “feeling full”) and hunger regulation [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processing of food and emotional stimuli in adolescent and adult anorexia nervosa patients

et al. 2018

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BackgroundA constant preoccupation with food and restrictive eating are main symptoms of anorexia nervosa (AN). Imaging studies revealed aberrant neural activation patterns in brain regions processing hedonic and reward reactions as well as–potentially aversive–emotions. An imbalance between so called “bottom-up” and “top-down” control areas is discussed. The present study is focusing on neural processing of disease-specific food stimuli and emotional stimuli and its developmental course in adolescent and adult AN patients and could offer new insight into differential mechanisms underlying shorter or more chronic disease.Methods33 adolescents aged 12–18 years (15 AN patients, 18 control participants) and 32 adult women (16 AN patients, 16 control participants) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, 3T high-field scanner) while watching pictures of high and low-calorie food and affective stimuli. Afterwards, they rated subjective valence of each picture. FMRI data analysis was performed using a region of interest based approach.ResultsPictures of high-calorie food items were rated more negatively by AN patients.Differences in activation between patients and controls were found in “bottom up” and “top down” control areas for food stimuli and in several emotion processing regions for affective stimuli which were more pronounced in adolescents than in adults.ConclusionA differential pattern was seen for food stimuli compared to generally emotion eliciting stimuli. Adolescents with AN show reduced processing of affective stimuli and enhanced activation of regions involved in “bottom up” reward processing and “top down” control as well as the insula with regard to food stimuli with a focus on brain regions which underlie changes during adolescent development. In adults less clear and less specific activation differences were present, pointing towards a high impact that regions undergoing maturation might have on AN symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processing of food and emotional stimuli in adolescent and adult anorexia nervosa patients

et al. 2018

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“…Functional MRI results demonstrate that the Orbitofrontal, Ventral striatum and Substantia nigra regions have maximal response to BUH condition, followed by BHR (and BHT) and minimal response to BHC condition. In previous studies, all these three regions have been studied and usually defined as regions belonging to the "reward" network in the brain 37,[41][42][43][44] . Specifically, in food and obesity related research, these regions are thought to encode the calorific reward value in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, in food and obesity related research, these regions are thought to encode the calorific reward value in the brain. For example, a study on neural correlates of restrained eaters' high susceptibility to food cues showed that the Orbitofrontal region was activated by high-energy food cues 42 . Also, Orbitofrontal region was found to have a greater response to high-calorie food versus low-calorie food in a study on emotional eating 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is reasonable because all individuals have a preference for food that contains more energy for survival, and hence is a preference that is naturally selected during the evolutionary process. In this context, the role of fiscal interventions (rebate or lower tax) is to offset the low reward signal for healthy foods due to their lower calorific value 37,42,43,[45][46][47][48] , by enhancing perceived reward value for healthy products by associating it with a monetary reward. Many previous studies have shown that the three regions-ventral striatum, substantia nigra and orbitofrontal cortex-which were activated in our task also encode monetary reward value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we hypothesize that healthy food items will elicit least reward response and unhealthy food items will lead to highest reward response. This is because unhealthy foods have higher calorific value, which is encoded by the brain's reward system 37,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] . Further, by offering lower tax or rebate on healthy food items, the reward response in the brain for such items will be significantly enhanced.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A neurobehavioral study on the efficacy of price interventions in promoting healthy food choices among low socioeconomic families

Banerjee

Chattaraman

Zou

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Given the healthcare costs associated with obesity (especially in childhood), governments have tried several fiscal and policy interventions such as lowering tax and giving rebates to encourage parents to choose healthier food for their family. The efficacy of such fiscal policies is currently being debated. Here we address this issue by investigating how behavioral and brain-based responses in parents with low socioeconomic status change when rebates and lower taxes are offered on healthy food items. We performed behavioral and brain-based experiments, with the latter employing electroencephalography (EEG) acquired from parents while they shop in a simulated shopping market as well as follow up functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the more restricted scanner environment. Behavioral data show that lower tax and rebate on healthy foods increase their purchase significantly compared to baseline. Rebate has a higher effect than lower tax treatment. From the EEG and fMRI experiments, we first show that healthy/unhealthy foods elicit least/maximal reward response in the brain, respectively. Further, by offering lower tax or rebate on healthy food items, the reward signal for such items in the brain is significantly enhanced. Second, we demonstrate that rebate is more effective than lower tax in encouraging consumers to purchase healthy food items, driven in part, by higher reward-related response in the brain for rebate. Third, fiscal interventions decreased the amount of frontal cognitive control required to buy healthy foods despite their lower calorific value as compared to unhealthy foods. Finally, we propose that it is possible to titrate the amount of tax reductions and rebates on healthy food items so that they consistently become more preferable than unhealthy foods.

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Neurocognitive Correlates of Food-Related Response Inhibition in Overweight/Obese Adults

et al. 2019

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Neural correlates of restrained eaters’ high susceptibility to food cues: An fMRI study

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Neural processing of food and emotional stimuli in adolescent and adult anorexia nervosa patients

Neural processing of food and emotional stimuli in adolescent and adult anorexia nervosa patients

A neurobehavioral study on the efficacy of price interventions in promoting healthy food choices among low socioeconomic families

Neurocognitive Correlates of Food-Related Response Inhibition in Overweight/Obese Adults

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