“…Furthermore, in PD patients, left superior parietal lobule BOLD activity during the heartbeat perception task was positively correlated with heartbeat perception scores, suggesting the superior parietal lobule’s involvement in perceptive processing, particularly interoceptive awareness relevant to PD [ 98 ]. Lopes, Faria, Dias, Mallmann, Mendes, Horato, de-Melo-Neto, Veras, Magalhães, Malaspina and Nardi [ 50 ] and Kircher, et al [ 100 ] reported increased neural activation in the frontal gyrus of PD patients relative to HCs during panic-motivated tasks, indicating the frontal gyrus’s role in fear acquisition and conditioning. Neufang, Geiger, Homola, Mahr, Schiele, Gehrmann, Schmidt, Gajewska, Nowak and Meisenzahl-Lechner [ 30 ] reported reduced activation in the fronto-parietal pathways, including the middle frontal gyrus and superior parietal lobule, in patients with PD during the attention network task, which involves detecting targets and cues quickly.…”