Neural correlates of memory for object identity and object location: effects of aging

Schiavetto, Alessandra; Köhler, Stefan; Grady, Cheryl L.; Winocur, Gordon; Moscovitch, Morris

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00206-8

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Hence, old subjects seem to exhibit a route-encoding deficit based on reduced functionality of posterior fusiform/parahippocampal and parietal areas. This finding is in accordance with prior functional imaging studies investigating the neural correlates of age differences in memory performance using non-spatial stimuli and underlines the existence of critical age differences in memory formation (e.g., Daselaar et al, 2003;Grady et al, 1995;Morcom et al, 2003;Schiavetto et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The most consistent findings reported in these studies include a reduced encoding-related inferior and medial temporal activity in older as compared to younger subjects (e.g., Daselaar et al, 2003;Grady et al, 1995;Morcom et al, 2003;Schiavetto et al, 2002). In addition, older subjects appear to recruit additionally other brain regions, predominately in the prefrontal cortex.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

et al. 2004

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Spatial memory deficits are core features of aging-related changes in cognitive abilities. The neural correlates of these deficits are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the neural underpinnings of age-related differences in spatial memory by functional MRI using a navigational memory task with route encoding and route recognition conditions. We investigated 20 healthy young (18 -29 years old) and 20 healthy old adults (53 -78 years old) in a random effects analysis. Old subjects showed slightly poorer performance than young subjects. Compared to the control condition, route encoding and route recognition showed activation of the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams and the frontal eye fields in both groups of subjects. Compared to old adults, young subjects showed during route encoding stronger activations in the dorsal and the ventral visual processing stream (supramarginal gyrus and posterior fusiform/parahippocampal areas). In addition, young subjects showed weaker anterior parahippocampal activity during route recognition compared to the old group. In contrast, old compared to young subjects showed less suppressed activity in the left perisylvian region and the anterior cingulate cortex during route encoding. Our findings suggest that agerelated navigational memory deficits might be caused by less effective route encoding based on reduced posterior fusiform/parahippocampal and parietal functionality combined with diminished inhibition of perisylvian and anterior cingulate cortices correlated with less effective suppression of task-irrelevant information. In contrast, age differences in neural correlates of route recognition seem to be rather subtle. Old subjects might show a diminished familiarity signal during route recognition in the anterior parahippocampal region. D

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

et al. 2004

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“…Second, right ventral and dorsal PMC, as well as posterior parietal cortex (PPC), were recruited during the later postoperative stages and seem to be associated with improvement in the patient's proprioceptive feedback. This recruitment of additional neural resources can thus be interpreted as compensatory, in line with other neuroimaging studies that have reported an increased engagement of prefrontal and other brain areas due to a loss or reduction in function (e.g., Davis, Dennis, Daselaar, Fleck, & Cabeza, 2008;Grady, 2002;Schiavetto, Kohler, Grady, Winocur, & Moscovitch, 2002). In clinical investigations, functional compensation to adjacent sensorimotor regions has been shown primarily by studies examining reorganization in stroke (e.g., Liepert et al, 2000) or tumor patients (e.g., Duffau et al, 2003).…”

Section: Changes In Regional Activationssupporting

confidence: 62%

Long-term plasticity in adult somatosensory cortex: functional reorganization after surgical removal of an arteriovenous malformation

et al. 2014

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The temporal scale of neuroplasticity following acute alterations in brain structure due to neurosurgical intervention is still under debate. We conducted a longitudinal study with the objective of investigating the postoperative changes in a patient who underwent cerebrovascular surgery and who subsequently lost proprioception in the fingers of her right hand. The results show increased activation in contralesional somatosensory areas, additional recruitment of premotor and posterior parietal areas, and changes in functional connectivity with left postcentral gyrus. These findings demonstrate long-term modifications of cortical organization and as such have important implications for treatment strategies for patients with brain injury.

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“…Object recognition memory is one of the domains of cognition that is often impaired in aged (nondemented) individuals as well as in patients with AD (Flicker et al, 1987;Purdy et al, 2002;Schiavetto et al, 2002). The rodent NOR task has been described as a model of (nonspatial) recognition memory (Ennaceur and Delacour, 1988).…”

Section: Isomers Of Cotinine Augment Cholinergic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

R-(+) and S-(−) Isomers of Cotinine Augment Cholinergic Responses In Vitro and In Vivo

Terry

Callahan

Bertrand

2014

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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The nicotine metabolite cotinine (1-methyl-5-[3-pyridynl]-2-pyrrolidinone), like its precursor, has been found to exhibit procognitive and neuroprotective effects in some model systems; however, the mechanism of these effects is unknown. In this study, both the R-(1) and S-(2) isomers of cotinine were initially evaluated in an extensive profiling screen and found to be relatively inactive across a wide range of potential pharmacologic targets. Electrophysiological studies on human a4b2 and a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in Xenopus oocytes confirmed the absence of agonistic activity of cotinine at a4b2 or a7 nAChRs. However, a significant increase in the current evoked by a low concentration of acetylcholine was observed at a7 nAChRs exposed to 1.0 mM R-(1)-or S-(2)-cotinine. Based on these results, we used a spontaneous novel object recognition (NOR) procedure for rodents to test the hypothesis that R-(1)-or S-(2)-cotinine might improve recognition memory when administered alone or in combination with the Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapeutic agent donepezil. Although both isomers enhanced NOR performance when they were coadministered with donepezil, neither isomer was active alone. Moreover, the procognitive effects of the drug combinations were blocked by methyllycaconitine and dihydro-b-erythroidine, indicating that both a7 and a4b2 nAChRs contribute to the response. These results indicate that cotinine may sensitize a7 nAChRs to low levels of acetylcholine (a previously uncharacterized mechanism), and that cotinine could be used as an adjunctive agent to improve the effective dose range of cholinergic compounds (e.g., donepezil) in the treatment of AD and other memory disorders.

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Neural correlates of memory for object identity and object location: effects of aging

Cited by 62 publications

References 65 publications

Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

Long-term plasticity in adult somatosensory cortex: functional reorganization after surgical removal of an arteriovenous malformation

R-(+) and S-(−) Isomers of Cotinine Augment Cholinergic Responses In Vitro and In Vivo

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