Neural Correlates of Executive Functioning in Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Thomas, Kai; Birch, Rosalind E.; Jones, Catherine R. G.; Vanderwert, Ross E.

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.841633

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 254 publications

(424 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with this notion, diminished activation is observed in the right sensorimotor area (postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus) and the right dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus, putamen) (Skunde et al, 2016). The reduced activation within the frontostriatal brain circuitry in individuals with bulimia nervosa is believed to contribute to the severity of binge-eating symptoms (Thomas et al, 2022).…”

Section: Neural Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are you how you eat? Aspects of self-awareness in eating disorders

Coutinho,

Pariz,

Krahe

et al. 2024

Personality Neuroscience

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Eating disorders (ED) are severe psychiatric disorders characterized by dysfunctional behaviors related to eating or weight control, with profound impacts on health, quality of life, and the financial burden of affected individuals and society at large. Given that these disorders involve disturbances in self-perception, it is crucial to comprehend the role of self-awareness in their prevalence and maintenance. This literature review presents different self-awareness processes, discussing their functioning across different levels of complexity. By deconstructing this concept, we can gain a better understanding of how each facet of self and personality relates to the symptoms of these disorders. Understanding the absence or impairment of self-awareness in ED holds significant implications for diagnosis, treatment, and overall management. By recognizing and comprehending the characteristics of self-awareness, clinicians can develop tailored interventions and evidence-based treatments for individuals with ED. Furthermore, this narrative review underscores the importance of considering temperament and personality factors in the context of ED, as temperament traits and personality characteristics may interact with self-awareness processes, influencing the development and maintenance of ED. Ultimately, the results highlight the pressing need for further research on the development of effective interventions and support strategies grounded in the aspects of self-awareness mechanisms for individuals affected by these disorders.

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Section: Neural Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are you how you eat? Aspects of self-awareness in eating disorders

Coutinho,

Pariz,

Krahe

et al. 2024

Personality Neuroscience

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show abstract

“…Related to this, research suggests there may be common underlying neurocognitive mechanisms between DE and internalizing symptoms (Donofry et al., 2016). Response inhibition, defined as the ability to withhold a prepotent incorrect response in order to perform a correct response and maintain goal performance (Davidson et al., 2006), is an executive function that has been widely studied in relation to mental health conditions across development (Hwang et al., 2016; Mar et al., 2022; Thomas et al., 2022; Wright et al., 2014). In EDs, behavioral measures show decreased inhibitory control in adults with binge eating and/or purging symptoms (Galimberti et al., 2012; Hege et al., 2015; Steinglass et al., 2019; Svaldi et al., 2014; Wu et al., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between disordered eating, internalizing symptoms, and behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition in preadolescence

Thomas,

Jones,

Williams

et al. 2024

Developmental Psychobiology

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Response inhibition difficulties are reported in individuals with eating disorders (EDs), anxiety, and depression. Although ED symptoms and internalizing symptoms co‐occur in preadolescence, there is limited research examining associations between these symptoms and response inhibition in this age group. This study is the first to investigate the associations between behavioral and neural markers of response inhibition, disordered eating (DE), and internalizing symptoms in a community sample of preadolescents. Forty‐eight children (M age = 10.95 years, 56.3% male) completed a Go/NoGo task, whereas electroencephalography was recorded. Self‐report measures of DE and internalizing symptoms were collected. Higher levels of anxiety and depression were associated with neural markers of suboptimal response inhibition (attenuated P3NoGo amplitudes) in preadolescence. In contrast, higher levels of depression were associated with greater response inhibition at a behavioral level. These findings suggest internalizing symptoms in preadolescence are associated with P3‐indexed difficulties in evaluation and monitoring, but these are not sufficient to disrupt behavioral performance on a response inhibition task. This pattern may reflect engagement of compensatory processes to support task performance. DE was not significantly associated with response inhibition, suggesting that difficulties in response inhibition may only be reliably observed in more chronic and severe DE and ED presentations.

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Neural Correlates of Executive Functioning in Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Cited by 2 publications

References 254 publications

Are you how you eat? Aspects of self-awareness in eating disorders

Are you how you eat? Aspects of self-awareness in eating disorders

Associations between disordered eating, internalizing symptoms, and behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition in preadolescence

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