Neural correlates of declarative memory for emotionally valenced words in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to early childhood sexual abuse

Bremner, J. Douglas; Vythilingam, Meena; Vermetten, Eric; Southwick, Steven M.; McGlashan, Thomas H.; Staib, Lawrence H.; Soufer, Robert; Charney, Dennis S.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01891-7

Cited by 264 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…47 In patients with PTSD structural and functional alterations of the hippocampus have consistently been demonstrated. [48][49][50][51] Benzodiazepine agonists enhance GABA A Abbreviations: BA, Brodmann area; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder. Statistical parametric mapping analysis revealed that veterans with PTSD showed reduced [ 11 C]flumazenil-binding potential compared to control veterans without PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2007

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c-Aminobutyric acid (GABA A ) receptors are thought to play an important role in modulating the central nervous system in response to stress. Animal data have shown alterations in the GABA A receptor complex by uncontrollable stressors. SPECT imaging with benzodiazepine ligands showed lower distribution volumes of the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor in the prefrontal cortex of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in one, but not in another study. The objective of the present study was to assess differences in the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor complex in veterans with and without PTSD using [ 11 C]flumazenil and positron emission tomography (PET). Nine drug naive male Dutch veterans with deployment related PTSD and seven male Dutch veterans without PTSD were recruited, and matched for age, region and year of deployment. Each subject received a [ 11 C]flumazenil PET scan and a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Dynamic 3D PET scans with a total duration of 60 min were acquired, and binding in template based and manually defined regions of interest (ROI) was quantified using validated plasma input and reference tissue models. In addition, parametric binding potential images were compared on a voxel-by-voxel basis using statistical parametric mapping (SPM2). ROI analyses using both template based and manual ROIs showed significantly reduced [ 11 C]flumazenil binding in PTSD subjects throughout the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus. SPM analysis confirmed these results. The observed global reduction of [ 11 C]flumazenil binding in patients with PTSD provides circumstantial evidence for the role of the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor in the pathophysiology of PTSD and is consistent with previous animal research and clinical psychopharmacological studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2007

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“…Human brain imaging studies subsequently showed that I‐ELT was associated with altered structural integrity in the limbic system (Aas et al., 2012; Andersen et al., 2008; Bremner et al., 1997; Carrion, Weems, & Reiss, 2007; Corbo et al., 2014; Dannlowski et al., 2012; Driessen et al., 2004; Lupien et al., 2011; Tottenham et al., 2010; Veer et al., 2015). Functional imaging studies have further shown that, when processing emotional stimuli (e.g., angry faces), I‐ELT was associated with increased activity in the amygdala (Bremner et al., 2005; Grant, Cannistraci, Hollon, Gore, & Shelton, 2011; Maheu et al., 2010), and with decreased activity of the hippocampus (Bremner et al., 1999; Bremner et al., 2003; Carrion, Haas, Garrett, Song, & Reiss, 2010) and anterior cingulate cortex (Bremner, Vythilingam, Vermetten, Southwick, McGlashan, Nazeer, et al., 2003; Bremner, et al., 2003; Bremner et al., 2004; Mueller et al., 2010). However, these studies have been limited by the consistent use of emotional stimuli, preventing assessments of whether I‐ELT‐related limbic dysfunction potentially impacts more general aspects of cognition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

et al. 2017

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IntroductionInterpersonal early life trauma (I‐ELT) is associated with a myriad of functional impairments in adulthood, increased risk of drug addiction, and neuropsychiatric disorders. While deficits in emotional regulation and amygdala functioning are well characterized, deficits in general cognitive functioning have also been documented. However, the neural underpinnings of cognitive dysfunction in adults with a history of I‐ELT and the potential relationship between amygdala‐based functional connectivity and behavioral performance are currently poorly understood. This study examined how I‐ELT affects the cognitive and neural mechanisms supporting sustained attention.MethodsA total of 66 Veterans (18 with and 48 without a history of I‐ELT) completed a nonemotional sustained attention task during functional MRI.ResultsThe individuals with I‐ELT showed significant impairments in sustained attention (i.e., higher error rates, greater response variability). This cohort exhibited increased amygdala functional connectivity with the prefrontal cortex and decreased functional connectivity with the parahippocampal gyrus when compared to those without I‐ELT. These connections were significantly correlated with individual differences in sustained attention performance. Notably, classification analyses revealed that the pattern of amygdala connectivity across the whole brain was able to classify I‐ELT status with 70% accuracy.ConclusionThese results provide evidence of a lasting negative impact for those with a history of I‐ELT on sustained attention ability. They also highlight a critical role for amygdala functioning in cognitive control and sustained attention for those with a history of I‐ELT, which may underlie the observed attention deficits in clinical assessments and cognitive tests involving both emotional and nonemotional stimuli.

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“…Studies in this arena have now found structural compromise in both hippocampus [10][11][12][13][14][15] and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and have begun to address whether such compromise is inherited or acquired [13,23]. Evidence for functional compromise in ACC in PTSD is also substantial [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The possibility that these two literatures might intersect is evidenced by the fact that the ACC participates in regulating the cardiovascular system during cognitive, affective, and physical challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right anterior cingulate cortical volume covaries with respiratory sinus arrhythmia magnitude in combat veterans

Woodward

Kaloupek²,

Schaer³

et al. 2008

JRRD

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Abstract-Existing data suggest anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a role in autonomic regulation. In persons with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), autonomic regulation appears impaired and smaller mean ACC volume has been reported. This study examined relationships between ACC volume and the magnitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in 77 U.S. combat veterans at rest, 40 of whom met criteria for PTSD. RSA magnitude did not differ in combat survivors with and without PTSD, which contradicts studies comparing civilians with PTSD to nontraumatized controls. RSA magnitude was positively correlated with right but not left hemisphere ACC volume. This finding was statistically independent of the presence or absence of PTSD.

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Neural correlates of declarative memory for emotionally valenced words in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to early childhood sexual abuse

Cited by 264 publications

References 47 publications

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

Right anterior cingulate cortical volume covaries with respiratory sinus arrhythmia magnitude in combat veterans

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