Neural Correlates of Causal Inferences in Discourse Understanding and Logical Problem-Solving: A Meta-Analysis Study

Feng, Wangshu; Wang, Weijuan; Liu, Jia; Wang, Zhen; Tian, Lingyun; Fan, Lin

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.666179

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…The framework considers message-level representations as probabilistically generating information at these multiple levels of representation. Other studies on language processing mainly investigated neurocognitive processing of prediction at multilevel representations in language comprehension with ERP and eye-tracking experiments ( Ryskin et al, 2019 ; Kuperberg et al, 2020 ; Leckey and Federmeier, 2020 ; Feng et al, 2021 ). Employing sentence reading tasks, Kuperberg et al (2020) examined whether the brain engaged different neurocognitive mechanisms in response to words (critical nouns in three-sentences scenarios) that confirmed and/or violated strong predictions at High constraint and Low constraint contexts during language comprehension among 39 native English speakers (mean = 21.6 years).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge mapping of the research on lexical inferencing: A bibliometric analysis

2023

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Lexical inferencing functions as one of the most important and effective skills used in language comprehension pertaining to psychological, cognitive and neurological aspects. Given its complex nature and crucial role in language comprehension, lexical inferencing has received considerable attention. The present study visualized the knowledge domain of the research on lexical inferencing based on a total of 472 articles collected from Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection of Thomson Reuters from 2001 to 2021. The bibliographic data were analyzed through co-cited articles, co-citation clusters of references, and co-occurring keywords to identify holistic intellectual landscape of lexical inferencing with special focus on its intellectual structure and base, and hot research topics. The main intellectual base includes probability of activating lexical inferencing in working memory and encoding in long-term memory, the role of lexical inferencing in reading comprehension, in connected speech, in children’s derivation under pragmatic context, and in psychological and neurocognitive processes underlying language processing mechanism. Hot topics are comprised the impacts of lexical inferencing on language acquisition and comprehension (written and spoken language comprehension), the factors (context variables, vocabulary knowledge, and morphological awareness) affecting the presence and efficacy of lexical inferencing, and the time course of lexical inferencing during reading. Critically, the results of this study demonstrated that the contribution of lexical inferencing to language comprehension was strongly correlated with learner-related and discourse-related variables. The study shed valuable light on the understanding of the intellectual background and the dynamic patterns of lexical inferencing over the past two decades, thereby future work in lexical inferencing is suggested as well.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge mapping of the research on lexical inferencing: A bibliometric analysis

2023

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“…Furthermore, recent neuroimaging studies have revealed that the existence of additional functions of LIPL, including attention, action and salience processing ( 32 – 36 ). Available literatures found that bilateral mPFC and LIPL jointly participant in the functions of emotional regulation, memory and executive function ( 37 – 39 ). Based on this discovery, it is reasonable to speculate that the decreased connectivity from mPFC to LIPL may be related to the injury of emotion, memory and executive function in T2DM patients and ultimately leading to the onset of cognitive disorders, but further investigation will be required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered dynamic effective connectivity of the default mode network in type 2 diabetes

Xu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionAltered functional connectivity of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) within default mode network (DMN) regions has been verified to be closely associated with cognitive decline in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but most studies neglected the fluctuations of brain activities—the dynamic effective connectivity (DEC) within DMN of T2DM is still unknown.MethodsFor the current investigation, 40 healthy controls (HC) and 36 T2DM patients have been recruited as participants. To examine the variation of DEC between T2DM and HC, we utilized the methodologies of independent components analysis (ICA) and multivariate granger causality analysis (mGCA).ResultsWe found altered DEC within DMN only show decrease in state 1. In addition, the causal information flow of diabetic patients major affected areas which are closely associated with food craving and metabolic regulation, and T2DM patients stayed longer in low activity level and exhibited decreased transition rate between states. Moreover, these changes related negatively with the MoCA scores and positively with HbA1C level.ConclusionOur study may offer a fresh perspective on brain dynamic activities to understand the mechanisms underlying T2DM-related cognitive deficits.

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“…The extent connectivity of the aMTG with parietal-occipital was also much greater during abstract semantic processing, but this was not the case for connectivity with frontal areas. This finding was unexpected given that the anterior temporal cortex plays an important role in the processing of abstract concepts ( Hoffman et al, 2015 ), and the frontal anterior cingulate cortices important for higher cognitive functions, such as abstract reasoning ( Reverberi et al, 2005 ; Jung et al, 2022 ), problem solving ( Grossman et al, 2002 ; Newman et al, 2003 ; Cazalis et al, 2006 ; Feng et al, 2021 ), judgment and decision making ( Zysset et al, 2002 ; Cunningham et al, 2004 ; Beer et al, 2010 ; Zander et al, 2016 ), creativity ( Gonen-Yaacovi et al, 2013 ), the supervisory control of attention and intention ( Shallice and Burgess, 1996 ; Cohen et al, 1999 ), planning ( Goel and Grafman, 1995 ; Gonen-Yaacovi et al, 2013 ), goal-directed and generative action and cognition ( Cohen et al, 1999 ; Baldo et al, 2001 ; Reverberi et al, 2005 ). Accordingly, it would be reasonable to infer that the aMTG would be more extensively connected to frontal cortex when processing abstract words.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional connectivity of brain networks during semantic processing in older adults

Garcia

Cohen²,

Porges³

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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The neural systems underlying semantic processing have been characterized with functional neuroimaging in young adults. Whether the integrity of these systems degrade with advanced age remains unresolved. The current study examined functional connectivity during abstract and concrete word processing. Thirty-eight adults, aged 55–91, engaged in semantic association decision tasks during a mixed event-related block functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm. During the semantic trials, the task required participants to make a judgment as to whether pairs were semantically associated. During the rhyme trials, the task required participants to determine if non-word pairs rhymed. Seeds were placed in putative semantic hubs of the left anterior middle temporal gyrus (aMTG) and the angular gyrus (AG), and also in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), an area considered important for semantic control. Greater connectivity between aMTG, AG, and IFG and multiple cortical areas occurred during semantic processing. Connectivity from the three seeds differed during semantic processing: the left AG and aMTG were strongly connected with frontal, parietal, and occipital areas bilaterally, whereas the IFG was most strongly connected with other frontal cortical areas and the AG in the ipsilateral left hemisphere. Notably, the strength and extent of connectivity differed for abstract and concrete semantic processing; connectivity from the left aMTG and AG to bilateral cortical areas was greater during abstract processing, whereas IFG connectivity with left cortical areas was greater during concrete processing. With advanced age, greater connectivity occurred only between the left AG and supramarginal gyrus during the processing of concrete word-pairs, but not abstract word-pairs. Among older adults, robust functional connectivity of the aMTG, AG, and IFG to widely distributed bilateral cortical areas occurs during abstract and concrete semantic processing in a manner consistent with reports from past studies of young adults. There was not a significant degradation of functional connectivity during semantic processing between the ages of 55 and 85 years. As the study focused on semantic functioning in older adults, a comparison group of young adults was not included, limiting generalizability. Future longitudinal neuroimaging studies that compare functional connectivity of young and older adults under different semantic demands will be valuable.

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Neural Correlates of Causal Inferences in Discourse Understanding and Logical Problem-Solving: A Meta-Analysis Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 116 publications

Knowledge mapping of the research on lexical inferencing: A bibliometric analysis

Knowledge mapping of the research on lexical inferencing: A bibliometric analysis

Altered dynamic effective connectivity of the default mode network in type 2 diabetes

Functional connectivity of brain networks during semantic processing in older adults

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