Neural correlates of auditory stream segregation in primary auditory cortex of the awake monkey

Fishman, Yonatan I.; Reser, David H.; Arezzo, Joseph C.; Steinschneider, Mitchell

doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(00)00224-0

Cited by 240 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Single-and multi-unit recordings: the neural "micro-mechanisms" of auditory streaming in the primary auditory cortex 2.1. Frequency selectivity and forward suppression in A1 are consistent with the dependence of streaming on frequency separation and inter-tone interval Although some hints of a possible relationship between neural responses to temporal sound sequences in A1 and sequential streaming can be found in earlier work (e.g., Brosch and Schreiner, 1997), the first published study devoted specifically to this question was performed by Fishman et al (2001). These authors recorded ensemble neural activity (i.e., multi-unit activity and current-source density) in response to repeating sequences of alternatingfrequency tones (ABAB...) in A1 of awake macaques.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The role of auditory cortex in the formation of auditory streams

et al. 2007

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Auditory streaming refers to the perceptual parsing of acoustic sequences into "streams", which makes it possible for a listener to follow the sounds from a given source amidst other sounds. Streaming is currently regarded as an important function of the auditory system in both humans and animals, crucial for survival in environments that typically contain multiple sound sources. This article reviews recent findings concerning the possible neural mechanisms behind this perceptual phenomenon at the level of the auditory cortex. The first part is devoted to intra-cortical recordings, which provide insight into the neural "micromechanisms" of auditory streaming in the primary auditory cortex (A1). In the second part, recent results obtained using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in humans, which suggest a contribution from cortical areas other than A1, are presented. Overall, the findings concur to demonstrate that many important features of sequential streaming can be explained relatively simply based on neural responses in the auditory cortex.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The role of auditory cortex in the formation of auditory streams

et al. 2007

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“…Microelectrode studies in animals provide clear evidence for forward suppression at a neuronal level in auditory cortex (Calford and Semple, 1995;Brosch and Schreiner, 1997;Fishman et al, 2001Fishman et al, , 2004Kanwal et al, 2003;Ulanovsky et al, 2003;Klump, 2004, 2005;Wehr and Zador, 2005). Much of the data illustrates frequency-dependent suppression, with a greater effect of one tone on subsequent ones when the tones are close in frequency than when they are far apart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present findings indicate a more broadly distributed sensitivity to f 0 that may reflect neuronal sensitivity to the differing temporal properties of tones of different f 0 , rather than a sensitivity to pitch per se. Frequency-selective forward suppression of neural responses in the auditory cortex (or the equivalent in nonmammalian species) has been proposed to play an essential role in auditory streaming (Fishman et al, 2001(Fishman et al, , 2004Kanwal et al, 2003;Klump, 2004, 2005;Micheyl et al, 2005Micheyl et al, , 2007. Specifically, it has been suggested that whether a sequence of pure tones is perceived as a single coherent stream or as two separate streams depends on the degree to which one tone influences the responses to subsequent tones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neural underpinnings of auditory stream segregation have been investigated with intracortical recordings in animals (Fishman et al, 2001(Fishman et al, , 2004Kanwal et al, 2003;Klump, 2004, 2005;Micheyl et al, 2005), and noninvasively in humans, using electroencephalography (EEG) (Sussman et al, 1999, Sussman, 2005Snyder et al, 2006), magnetoencephalography (MEG) (Gutschalk et al, 2005), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Deike et al, 2004;Cusack, 2005;Wilson et al, 2007). All of these studies have used pairs of sounds that differed in frequency content, and were presented alternately, or in other repeating temporal patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Cortical Activity during Streaming without Spectral Cues Suggests a General Neural Substrate for Auditory Stream Segregation

et al. 2007

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The brain continuously disentangles competing sounds, such as two people speaking, and assigns them to distinct streams. Neural mechanisms have been proposed for streaming based on gross spectral differences between sounds, but not for streaming based on other nonspectral features. Here, human listeners were presented with sequences of harmonic complex tones that had identical spectral envelopes, and unresolved spectral fine structure, but one of two fundamental frequencies ( f 0 ) and pitches. As the f 0 difference between tones increased, listeners perceived the tones as being segregated into two streams (one stream for each f 0 ) and cortical activity measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography increased. This trend was seen in primary cortex of Heschl's gyrus and in surrounding nonprimary areas. The results strongly resemble those for pure tones. Both the present and pure tone results may reflect neuronal forward suppression that diminishes as one or more features of successive sounds become increasingly different. We hypothesize that feature-specific forward suppression subserves streaming based on diverse perceptual cues and results in explicit neural representations for auditory streams within auditory cortex.

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“…In the past decade, several studies have investigated single-or multi-unit neural correlates of auditory streaming in mammals (Fishman et al 2001;Kanwal et al 2003;Fishman et al 2004;Micheyl et al 2005a;Pressnitzer et al 2008;Elhilali et al 2009), birds (Bee and Klump 2004Itatani and Klump 2009;Bee et al 2010), and even insects (Schul and Sheridan 2006). While these studies have identified putative neural mechanisms of auditory streaming, their conclusions have so far been limited by the lack of behavioral measures concomitant to the neural recordings.…”

Section: Possible Applications To Behavioral and Neurophysiological Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective and Subjective Psychophysical Measures of Auditory Stream Integration and Segregation

Micheyl

Oxenham

2010

JARO

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The perceptual organization of sound sequences into auditory streams involves the integration of sounds into one stream and the segregation of sounds into separate streams. "Objective" psychophysical measures of auditory streaming can be obtained using behavioral tasks where performance is facilitated by segregation and hampered by integration, or vice versa. Traditionally, these two types of tasks have been tested in separate studies involving different listeners, procedures, and stimuli. Here, we tested subjects in two complementary temporal-gap discrimination tasks involving similar stimuli and procedures. One task was designed so that performance in it would be facilitated by perceptual integration; the other, so that performance would be facilitated by perceptual segregation. Thresholds were measured in both tasks under a wide range of conditions produced by varying three stimulus parameters known to influence stream formation: frequency separation, tone-presentation rate, and sequence length. In addition to these performancebased measures, subjective judgments of perceived segregation were collected in the same listeners under corresponding stimulus conditions. The patterns of results obtained in the two temporaldiscrimination tasks, and the relationships between thresholds and perceived-segregation judgments, were mostly consistent with the hypothesis that stream segregation helped performance in one task and impaired performance in the other task. The tasks and stimuli described here may prove useful in future behavioral or neurophysiological experiments, which seek to manipulate and measure neural correlates of auditory streaming while minimizing differences between the physical stimuli.

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Neural correlates of auditory stream segregation in primary auditory cortex of the awake monkey

Cited by 240 publications

References 58 publications

The role of auditory cortex in the formation of auditory streams

The role of auditory cortex in the formation of auditory streams

Human Cortical Activity during Streaming without Spectral Cues Suggests a General Neural Substrate for Auditory Stream Segregation

Objective and Subjective Psychophysical Measures of Auditory Stream Integration and Segregation

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