Neural correlates of altered general emotion processing in social anxiety disorder

Brühl, Annette Beatrix; Rufer, Michael; Delsignore, Aba; Kaffenberger, Tina; Jäncke, Lutz; Herwig, Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.084

Cited by 102 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…47 Increased alexithymic tendencies in our SAD sample are in line with reported difficulties of identifying and describing emotion in patients with SAD. 48 …”

Section: Self-reported Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 83%

Behavioural and neural correlates of self-focused emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder

Gaebler

Daniels

Lamke

et al. 2014

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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IntroductionEmotions are proposed to involve a "person-situation interaction that engages attention, has meaning to an individual, and causes a coordinated yet malleable multisystem response to the interaction," 1 including a subjectively experienced feeling component.2 Emotion regulation refers to processes that alter the nature, magnitude and duration of these multisystem responses and feelings.3 Once placed in an emotion-evoking situation, an individual can deploy attentional mechanisms for emotion regulation (e.g., through distraction or concentration) or use "cognitive reappraisal," whereby he or she modifies the situation's emotional importance by reinterpreting the outcomes and actions of the situation itself (situation-focused reappraisal) or by altering the situation's personal relevance (self-focused reappraisal).Emotion regulation by self-focused reappraisal has proven effective in decreasing negative emotional experience 4 and alter ing physiologic responses in both the central 3,5 and the auto nomic nervous system. Background: In healthy individuals, voluntary modification of self-relevance has proven effective in regulating subjective emotional experience as well as physiologic responses evoked by emotive stimuli. As social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by both altered emotional and self-related processing, we tested if emotion regulation through self-focused reappraisal is effective in individuals with SAD. Methods: While undergoing 3 T functional magnetic resonance imaging, individuals with SAD and matched healthy controls either passively viewed neutral and aversive pictures or actively increased or decreased their negative emotional experience through the modification of selfrelevance or personal distance to aversive pictures. Participants rated all pictures with regard to the intensity of elicited emotions and selfrelatedness. Results: We included 21 individuals with SAD and 23 controls in our study. Individuals with SAD reported significantly stronger emotional intensity across conditions and showed a nonsignificant tendency to judge pictures as more self-related than controls. Compared with controls, individuals with SAD showed an overactivation in bilateral temporoparietal regions and in the posterior midcingulate cortex during the passive viewing of aversive compared with neutral pictures. During instructed emotion regulation, activation patterns normalized and no significant group differences were detected. Limitations: As no positive pictures were presented, results might be limited to the regu lation of negative emotion. Conclusion: During passive viewing of aversive images, individuals with SAD showed evidence of neural hyperreactivity that may be interpreted as increased bodily self-consciousness and heightened perspective-taking. During voluntary increase and decrease of negative emotional intensity, group differences disappeared, suggesting self-focused reappraisal as a successful emotion regulation strategy for individuals with SAD.

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“…47 Increased alexithymic tendencies in our SAD sample are in line with reported difficulties of identifying and describing emotion in patients with SAD. 48 …”

Section: Self-reported Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 83%

Behavioural and neural correlates of self-focused emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder

Gaebler

Daniels

Lamke

et al. 2014

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…14,15,30,50 However, previous studies applied very salient stimuli, such as emotional faces or well-known existing words, which all have the potential to provoke immediate and strong emotional reactions. In contrast, the pseudonames used in our study did not carry any emotional salience by themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Have we met before? Neural correlates of emotional learning in women with social phobia

Laeger

Keuper

Heitmann

et al. 2014

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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“…The amygdala has been implicated in attentional orienting, and activation in this brain region has been linked to heightened attention and faster orienting to threatening stimuli in individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (El Khoury-Malhame et al, 2011). Individuals with social anxiety disorder also show greater amygdala activation than do healthy control individuals when anticipating the presentation of a negative or ambiguous stimulus, which potentially indicates greater preparation for attentional deployment to threatening stimuli (Bruhl et al, 2011). Furthermore, healthy individuals activate the amygdala more strongly in response to faces with emotional than with neutral expressions (Breiter et al, 1996).…”

Section: Empirical Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive-Processing Biases in Individuals High on Perceived Criticism

Masland

Hooley

Tully

et al. 2014

Clinical Psychological Science

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A considerable literature now shows that perceived criticism (PC) predicts clinical outcomes transdiagnostically. Recent work has begun to identify potential mechanisms underlying PC's connection to clinical outcomes. For example, anomalies have been found in neural processing when individuals who rate their key relatives as highly critical listen to criticism. To explore whether high-PC individuals are also characterized by other processing abnormalities, we examined cognitive processing in a sample of community participants (N = 76) high or low on PC. We measured the executive control of attention when these two groups of individuals processed emotional information and interpreted acoustically presented ambiguous words. High-PC individuals showed impaired executive control of negative emotional information relative to low-PC individuals. They also made more negative interpretations of ambiguous words. These findings indicate that PC is associated with underlying vulnerabilities that may predispose individuals to develop psychopathology.

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Neural correlates of altered general emotion processing in social anxiety disorder

Cited by 102 publications

References 83 publications

Behavioural and neural correlates of self-focused emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder

Behavioural and neural correlates of self-focused emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder

Have we met before? Neural correlates of emotional learning in women with social phobia

Cognitive-Processing Biases in Individuals High on Perceived Criticism

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