Neural consequences of chronic sleep disruption

Zamore, Zachary; Veasey, Sigrid C.

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2022.05.007

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…There are various candidate answers related to the immune system, hormonal systems, thermoregulatory systems, and basic metabolic processes, as sleep is essential for all of these bodily functions. Although the entire body benefits from sleep ( 3 ), the most immediate, detrimental, and unavoidable consequences of sleep loss impact the brain and the various cognitive functions it supports ( 2 , 4 ). This insight has led some researchers to conclude that “sleep is of the brain, by the brain, and for the brain” ( 5 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The functions of sleep: A cognitive neuroscience perspective

Simon

Nadel

Payne

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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This Special Feature explores the various purposes served by sleep, describing current attempts to understand how the many functions of sleep are instantiated in neural circuits and cognitive structures. Our feature reflects current experts' opinions about, and insights into, the dynamic processes of sleep. In the last few decades, technological advances have supported the updated view that sleep plays an active role in both cognition and health. However, these roles are far from understood. This collection of articles evaluates the dynamic nature of sleep, how it evolves across the lifespan, becomes a competitive arena for memory systems through the influence of the autonomic system, supports the consolidation and integration of new memories, and how lucid dreams might originate. This set of papers highlights new approaches and insights that will lay the groundwork to eventually understand the full range of functions supported by sleep.

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confidence: 99%

The functions of sleep: A cognitive neuroscience perspective

Simon

Nadel

Payne

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…7,8 Even in cases where cumulative sleep time was not reduced, the duration of continuous sleep periods is severely shortened, impairing sleep quality and the physiological functions of the sleep-related machinery. [9][10][11][12] This sleep fragmentation has been described in humans as well as in animal models of generalized in ammation or sepsis. 8,13 Fragmented sleep is considered an important factor in the development of other neurological signs in both acute systemic in ammation and in chronic post-sepsis syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sepsis-induced changes in spectral segregation and kinetics of brain oscillatory states

Kala

Leemburg

Jezek

2022

Preprint

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Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent severe complication of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with high mortality and long-term neurological consequences in surviving patients. One of the main clinical sings of SAE are discontinuous sleep periods that are fragmented by frequent awakening. Even though this brain state fragmentation strongly impacts the functionality of the nervous- as well as other systems, its underlying network mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this work, we therefore aim at characterizing the properties and dynamics of brain oscillatory states in response to SAE in an acute rat model of sepsis induced by high dose LPS (10 mg/kg). To focus on intrinsically generated brain state dynamics, we used a urethane model that spares oscillatory activity in REM- and NREM-like sleep states. Intraperitoneal LPS injection led to a robust instability of both oscillatory states resulting in several folds more state transitions. Using power spectra analysis we identified opposing shifts in low frequency oscillations (1–9 Hz) in REM and NREM-like states under influence of LPS. This resulted in increased similarity between both states. Moreover, the state-space jitter in both states increased as well, pointing to higher within-state instability. The reduction of inter-state spectral distances in 2-D state space, combined with increased within-state jitter might represent a key factor in changing the energy landscape of brain oscillatory state attractors, and hence lead to altered sleep architecture. Their emergence during sepsis might point to a mechanism underlying severe sleep fragmentation as described both in sepsis patients and SAE animal models.

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“…Sleep in septic patients is often markedly discontinuous and interrupted by frequent awakening (Boyko et al, 2017;Weinhouse and Schwab, 2006). Even in cases where the cumulative sleep time might not be reduced, the duration of continuous sleep periods is severely shortened, impairing sleep quality and the physiological functions of the sleep related machinery (Dzierzewski et al, 2020;Opp, 2005;Tononi and Cirelli, 2014;Zamore and Veasey, 2022). This sleep fragmentation has been described in humans as well as in animal models of generalized inflammation or sepsis (Baracchi et al, 2011;Weinhouse and Schwab, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sepsis-induced brain state instability

Kala

Leemburg

Jezek

2022

Preprint

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Sepsis-associated brain dysfunction (SABD) is a frequent severe complication of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. It is associated with high mortality and a majority of survivors suffer long-term neurological consequences. Here, we studied the effects of SABD on oscillatory brain states in an acute rat model of sepsis induced by high dose LPS (10 mg/kg). To focus on intrinsically generated brain state dynamics, we used a urethane model that spares oscillatory activity in REM- and NREM-like sleep states. Soon after the intraperitoneal LPS injection we observed a robust fragmentation of both oscillatory states resulting in a three-fold increase in the number of state transitions that lasted for several hours, although the overall time spent in either state did not change. Analysis of power spectra showed opposing shifts in low frequency oscillations (1-9 Hz) that resulted in increased similarity between both states in 2-D state space. The described spectral characteristics of sepsis-induced EEG state instability might point to a mechanism underlying severe sleep fragmentation as described both in sepsis patients and in SABD animal models.

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Neural consequences of chronic sleep disruption

Cited by 40 publications

References 106 publications

The functions of sleep: A cognitive neuroscience perspective

The functions of sleep: A cognitive neuroscience perspective

Sepsis-induced changes in spectral segregation and kinetics of brain oscillatory states

Sepsis-induced brain state instability

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