Neural Basis of Monolingual and Bilingual Reading

Paz‐Alonso, Pedro M.; Oliver, Myriam; Quiñones, Ileana; Carreiras, Manuel

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190672027.013.24

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Recent evidence has highlighted the involvement of the hippocampus in semantic reading processes ( Binder et al, 2009 ; Duff and Brown-Schmidt, 2012 ; Jaimes-Bautista et al, 2015 ; Piai et al, 2016 ). In this vein, a meta-analysis of fMRI activations associated with the term “reading” in a total of 427 studies ( Neurosynth.org , Yarkoni et al, 2011 ) showed significant participation of left hippocampus (see Paz-Alonso et al, 2018 ). Also, the hypoactivation observed in the present study in the left hippocampus for semantic-related effects is also consistent with this evidence, highlighting its involvement in reading and semantic operations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of phonological, orthographic and semantic reading processing in dyslexia

Paz‐Alonso

Oliver

Lerma-Usabiaga

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Developmental dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disabilities, thought to be associated with dysfunction in the neural systems underlying typical reading acquisition. Neuroimaging research has shown that readers with dyslexia exhibit regional hypoactivation in left hemisphere reading nodes, relative to control counterparts. This evidence, however, comes from studies that have focused only on isolated aspects of reading. The present study aims to characterize left hemisphere regional hypoactivation in readers with dyslexia for the main processes involved in successful reading: phonological, orthographic and semantic. Forty-one participants performed a demanding reading task during MRI scanning. Results showed that readers with dyslexia exhibited hypoactivation associated with phonological processing in parietal regions; with orthographic processing in parietal regions, Broca's area, ventral occipitotemporal cortex and thalamus; and with semantic processing in angular gyrus and hippocampus. Stronger functional connectivity was observed for readers with dyslexia than for control readers 1) between the thalamus and the inferior parietal cortex/ventral occipitotemporal cortex during pseudoword reading; and, 2) between the hippocampus and the pars opercularis during word reading. These findings constitute the strongest evidence to date for the interplay between regional hypoactivation and functional connectivity in the main processes supporting reading in dyslexia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of phonological, orthographic and semantic reading processing in dyslexia

Paz‐Alonso

Oliver

Lerma-Usabiaga

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…In contrast to several studies in bilingual reading which analyse data from first and foreign languages (e.g., Dijkstra & van Heuven, 2002;Kaushanskaya & Marian, 2007;Cop et al, 2015;Paz-Alonso et al, 2019), we address so-called heritage speakers. The term covers a sociolinguistic category of bilinguals introduced by Valdés (2000).…”

Section: The Bilingualism Of Heritage Speakersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The question regarding the extent to which different orthographies develop varying reading strategies is still under discussion (Jasin ´ska & Petitto, 2014;Paz-Alonso et al, 2019). Since Frost et al (1987), reading research considers orthographic depth as a source of cross-linguistic differences in reading acquisition and processing.…”

Section: Writing Systems and Orthographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilingual vs. Monolingual Readers: Insights from Eye-Tracking Data

Krause

Ritter

2022

Journal of Home Language Research

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The present eye-tracking study examines silent and oral text reading by Russian-German bilinguals of two age groups (9--10 and 15--16 years) and compares it with their monolingual peers. The bilingual sample represents so-called heritage speakers of Russian who know both the Latin and the Cyrillic script. The paper relies on two global eye movement measures -the averaged total fixation count and the averaged total fixation duration per token -and analyses the effects of three factors: language profile, age, and reading mode. In both age groups, bilinguals made a higher number of fixations per token and fixated the token longer than their peers. This observation holds for both languages and reading modes. However, the gap between bilinguals and their peers was much larger in Russian, and interindividual variation was greater in Russian than in German. The better results in German can be explained by its status as the primary medium of instruction and its dominance in everyday literacy, but the prolonged information processing in both languages suggests the activation of both linguistic systems and their mental lexicon, even if only one language has been triggered by the task. Notably, general language command, more specifically, lexical knowledge and reading experience play a decisive role in reading acquisition and behaviour. These insights should be considered by the educational practice at school as well as by scientific research in multilingualism.

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“…They found that switching resulted in activation of the IFG and bilateral SMG. The SMG has been implicated in mapping orthography into phonology (e.g., Graves, Desai, Humphries, Seidenberg & Binder, 2010; for review Paz-Alonso, Oliver, Quiñones, & Carreiras, 2019) and the parietal cortex more generally has been shown to be important for letter identification and early stages of visual processing (Paz-Alonso et al, 2019). Thus it is possible that initial attempts to search for words in the wrong lexicon trigger grapheme to phoneme conversion to a greater extent on switch words, recruiting SMG.…”

Section: Cognitive Control Regions Recruited In Silent Reading Of Language Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive control regions are recruited in bilinguals' silent reading of mixed-language paragraphs

et al. 2020

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When switching languages, bilinguals recruit a 'language control network' that overlaps with brain regions known to support general cognitive control, but it is unclear whether these same regions are recruited in passive comprehension of language switches. Using fMRI with a blocked design, 24 Spanish-English bilinguals silently read 36 paragraphs in which the default language was Spanish or English, and that had either 1) no switches, 2) function word switches or 3) content word switches. Relative to no switches, function switches activated the right IFG, bilateral MFG, and left IPL/ SMG. In contrast, switching on content words produced limited neural switching costs, and language dominance effects were also small. Finally, neural switching costs in silent reading were correlated with switching costs in cued picture-naming. Seemingly passive reading comprehension involves brain regions known to support cognitive control in active switching during production, possibly reflecting the operation of a modality-general switch mechanism.

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Neural Basis of Monolingual and Bilingual Reading

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Neural correlates of phonological, orthographic and semantic reading processing in dyslexia

Neural correlates of phonological, orthographic and semantic reading processing in dyslexia

Bilingual vs. Monolingual Readers: Insights from Eye-Tracking Data

Cognitive control regions are recruited in bilinguals' silent reading of mixed-language paragraphs

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