Neural and Attentional Correlates of Intrinsic Motivation Resulting from Social Performance Expectancy

Wilhelm, Ricardo A.; Miller, Matthew W.; Gable, Philip A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.039

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 85 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent research has found that changes in RewP amplitude may go beyond simple good vs. bad associations to also incorporate the motivational salience of feedback (Bromberg‐Martin, Matsumoto, & Hikosaka, 2010; Esber & Haselgrove, 2011; Gehring & Willoughby, 2002; Hird, El‐Deredy, Jones, & Talmi, 2018; Oliveira, McDonald, & Goodman, 2007). For example, past work has found that enhancing positive approach motivation enhances feedback processing of successful outcomes (Threadgill & Gable, 2016, 2018b; Wilhelm, Miller, & Gable, 2019). Other work has found that enhancing the motivation of both positive and negative outcomes modulates a larger RewP (Talmi, Atkinson, & El‐Deredy, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revenge is sweet: Investigation of the effects ofApproach‐Motivatedanger on theRewPin the motivated anger delay (MAD) paradigm

Threadgill

Gable

2020

Human Brain Mapping

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Past research has found that neural activity associated with feedback processing is enhanced by positive approach‐motivated states. However, no past work has examined how reward processing changes in the context of revenge. Using a novel aggression paradigm, we sought to explore the influence of approach‐motivated anger on neural responses to feedback indicating the opportunity to seek revenge against an offending opponent by examining the reward positivity (RewP), an event‐related potential indexing performance feedback. In Experiment 1, after receiving insulting feedback from an opponent, participants played a reaction time game with three trial types: revenge trials, aggravation trials, and no‐consequence trials. Results revealed that RewP amplitudes were larger to revenge trial win feedback than no‐consequence trial win feedback or revenge trial loss feedback. RewP amplitudes were larger to both aggravation trial win and loss feedback than on no‐consequence trials. Experiment 2 examined the influence of approach‐motivated anger during the acquisition of rewards on the RewP without the possibility of retribution from the offending individual. Participants played a reaction time game similar to Experiment 1, except instead of giving or receiving noise blasts, participants could win money from the insulter (revenge trials) or a neutral‐party (e.g., bank). Results indicated that revenge wins elicited larger RewP amplitudes than bank wins. These results suggest that anger enhances revenge‐related RewP amplitudes to obtaining revenge opportunities and further aggravation wins or losses. Anger appears to enhance the pleasurable feelings of revenge.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revenge is sweet: Investigation of the effects ofApproach‐Motivatedanger on theRewPin the motivated anger delay (MAD) paradigm

Threadgill

Gable

2020

Human Brain Mapping

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lastly, it is important to acknowledge that, as the interaction with Cozmo involved a competitive task, participants in the high-familiarity condition may have been predisposed to experience greater reward processing as a result of being motivated by the competitive nature of the engagement task. In line with this idea is work showing that the RewP is enhanced when tasks are performed in a social context (Wilhelm et al, 2019), even when the social context involves insults that promote anger in the participant (Threadgill & Gable, 2020). Threadgill and Gable (2020) posit this could be due to the pleasurable feeling associated with revenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…One possibility as to why participants in the Cozmo group had enhanced RewP amplitudes could be because social interactions can enhance intrinsic motivations (Tauer & Harackiewicz, 2004), which influences reward processing (Mace et al, 2017;Wilhelm et al, 2019). This claim is supported by the Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attentional Learning (OPTIMAL) theory of motor learning that posits that motivational factors and attentional factors, which can be enhanced via social interactions and external factors, have the capability of improving learning performance (Wilhelm et al, 2019;Wulf & Lewthwaite, 2016). In other words, participants who interacted with Cozmo were more intrinsically motivated to perform well on the task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A win-win situation: Does familiarity with a social robot modulate feedback monitoring and learning?

Abubshait

Beatty

McDonald

et al. 2021

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social species rely on the ability to modulate feedback-monitoring in social contexts to adjust one’s actions and obtain desired outcomes. When being awarded positive outcomes during a gambling task, feedback-monitoring is attenuated when strangers are rewarded, as less value is assigned to the awarded outcome. This difference in feedback-monitoring can be indexed by an event-related potential (ERP) component known as the Reward Positivity (RewP), whose amplitude is enhanced when receiving positive feedback. While the degree of familiarity influences the RewP, little is known about how the RewP and reinforcement learning are affected when gambling on behalf of familiar versus nonfamiliar agents, such as robots. This question becomes increasingly important given that robots may be used as teachers and/or social companions in the near future, with whom children and adults will interact with for short or long periods of time. In the present study, we examined whether feedback-monitoring when gambling on behalf of oneself compared with a robot is impacted by whether participants have familiarized themselves with the robot before the task. We expected enhanced RewP amplitude for self versus other for those who did not familiarize with the robot and that self–other differences in the RewP would be attenuated for those who familiarized with the robot. Instead, we observed that the RewP was larger when familiarization with the robot occurred, which corresponded to overall worse learning outcomes. We additionally observed an enhanced P3 effect for the high-familiarity condition, which suggests an increased motivation to reward. These findings suggest that familiarization with robots may cause a positive motivational effect, which positively affects RewP amplitudes, but interferes with learning.

show abstract

“…Similarly, decreased beta activation was also related to another neural correlate of motivation (greater left frontal alpha activation) in individuals with high BAS traits, further emphasizing the link to motivation [ 33 ]. Altogether, these findings suggest the connection between beta activation over motor cortical regions is strongly linked to motor movements, but especially when these relate to motivation [ 2 , 3 , 21 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although beta activation is predominantly studied using strong extrinsic motivators (i.e., money), evidence suggests its sensitivity for intrinsically oriented motivators as well. For instance, when prompting individuals with the perceived expectancy of difficult and easy tasks based on social norms, beta activation decreased for difficult trials relative to easy trials even though actual task difficulty was not altered [ 29 ]. This is also in line with prior work suggesting the “gating role” of beta activity is further modulated beyond just the deactivation necessary to enable motor actions, especially since planned and often motivated motor actions are thought to also be responsible for decreased beta activation [ 1 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Debate exists as to the effects of anxiety in performance-based studies. However, no studies have examined the influence of motivation both in preparation of a motor movement and during movement performance. The present study measured beta activation in preparation for and during execution of the effort expenditure for rewards task (EEfRT), a button-pressing task consisting of easy and hard trials. Results indicated that motor preparation (i.e., reduced beta activation) was greater in preparation for hard trials than for easy trials. Additionally, motor preparation decreased (i.e., beta activation increased) over the course of hard trial execution. These results suggest that motor preparation is enhanced prior to more challenging tasks but that motor preparation declines as participants become closer to completing their goal in each challenging trial. These results provide insight into how beta activation facilitates effort expenditure for motor tasks varying in difficulty and motivation. The impact of these results on models of anxiety and performance is discussed.

show abstract

Neural and Attentional Correlates of Intrinsic Motivation Resulting from Social Performance Expectancy

Cited by 14 publications

References 85 publications

Revenge is sweet: Investigation of the effects ofApproach‐Motivatedanger on theRewPin the motivated anger delay (MAD) paradigm

Revenge is sweet: Investigation of the effects ofApproach‐Motivatedanger on theRewPin the motivated anger delay (MAD) paradigm

A win-win situation: Does familiarity with a social robot modulate feedback monitoring and learning?

Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About