Networked Cages for Enhanced CO₂ Capture and Sensing

Abstract

It remains a great challenge to design and synthesize a porous material for CO2 capture and sensing simultaneously. Herein, strategy of “cage to frameworks” is demonstrated to synthesize fluorescent porous organic polymer (pTOC) by using tetraphenylethylene‐based oxacalixarene cage (TOC) as the monomer. The networked cages (pTOC) have improved porous properties, including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and CO2 capture compared with its monomer TOC, because the polymerization overcomes the window‐to‐arene packing modes of cages and turns on their pores. Moreover, pTOC displays prominent reversible fluorescence enhancement in the presence of CO2 in different dispersion systems and fluorescence recovery for CO2 release in the presence of NH3·H2O, and is thus very effective to detect and quantify the fractions of CO2 in a gaseous mixtures.

Emerging Functional Porous Polymeric and Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Treatment and Energy Storage

“…For example, the water and methanol permeances were 20 and 9.4 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 , respectively. Other kinds of macrocycles, for example, sulfonatocalix [4]arenes and pillar [5]arenes, have also been incorporated into a mesoporous polymer membrane by interfacial polymerizations. [65] Different kinds of cationic dyes were efficiently removed as cyclophanes often showed selective binding abilities to them, while the permeation of negatively charged molecules was not hindered.…”

Switching porosity of stable triptycene-based cageviasolution-state assembly processes

“…16,17 To tune the POCs' porosity from off to on, coupling POCs into frameworks could be a fashionable method, while such cage-based polymeric frameworks were generally constructed by covalent synthesis or coordination chemistry, which would lead to the sacrice of their solution processability. [18][19][20][21][22] Other methods were also developed, for example, Cooper and co-workers realized guest-induced "on-off" porosity transformation by virtue of POCs' noncovalent intermolecular packing. 23,24 Doonan et al controlled the porosity of POC by kinetic methods.…”

Metal‐Organic Cages for Biomedical Applications

“…Photodynamic therapy is built on the concept of light‐active compounds, known as photosensitisers (PS), which can be switched on at the target site by localized irradiation with light . PDT offers the promise of highly targeted therapy with decreased side‐effect, for which the PS should be non‐toxic in the absence of light.…”

“…Photodynamic therapy is built on the concept of light-active compounds, known as photosensitisers (PS), which can be switched on at the target site by localized irradiation with light. [49] PDT offers the promise of highly targeted therapy with decreased side-effect, for which the PS should be nontoxic in the absence of light. However, irradiation of a mixture of a PS and molecular oxygen promotes the formation of 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), hydroxyl radicals (OH), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and superoxide anions (O 2 ), which possess cytotoxic properties (Figure 13).…”