Network of superconducting gravimeters benefits a number of disciplines

Crossley, David; Hinderer, J.; Casula, G.; Frnacis, O.; Hsu, Houtse; Imanishi, Yuichi; Jentzsch, G.; Kääriänen, J.; Merriam, J. B.; Meurers, Bruno; Neumeyer, J.; Richter, Bernd; Shibuya, Kazuo; Sasajima, Tadahiro; Dam, Tonie van

doi:10.1029/99eo00079

Cited by 178 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…In this research, a non-linear soil water diffusion equation (the so-called Richards equation; Richards, 1931;) is solved to find the spatiotemporal soil water distribution, and this is spatially integrated to estimate the gravity change. The estimated change in gravity is shown to be consistent with a 50-day gravity change observed by a superconducting gravimeter (Crossley et al, 1999;Goodkind, 1999), within about 0.4 µgal root mean square (RMS).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Gravity changes associated with variations in local land-water distributions: Observations and hydrological modeling at Isawa Fan, northern Japan

et al. 2012

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Gravity changes associated with variations in local land-water distributions have been observed at Isawa Fan in northern Japan, and modeled by hydrological equations. We solve the Richards equation numerically for the time variation in the vertical soil moisture distribution, which is then spatially integrated to estimate gravity changes due to the soil moisture distribution. In modeling Isawa Fan, we assume a simple hydrological model: a horizontally homogeneous soil in an infinite half-space. The estimated gravity is consistent with the observed gravity during a 50-day period within about 0.4 µgal root mean square, owing to both observed soil parameter values and the observation building geometry being incorporated into the hydrological model. However, the estimated gravity cannot fully reproduce annual gravity changes observed during a 2-year time frame, because the boundary conditions in the modeling determine only local water distributions and the resultant short-period gravity changes. Instead, the observed gravity over these 2 years can be reproduced within about 1.0 µgal root mean square, if the additional parameters of the annual gravity change (A ac and A as ) and the snowfall effect (A s ) are calculated by the function regression to the observed gravity with the least-squares method. The hydrological modeling techniques presented here can be utilized at all gravity sites in flat areas similar to Isawa Fan, such that hydrological effects in gravity data can be corrected and mass transfers associated with earthquakes and volcanoes can be monitored.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Gravity changes associated with variations in local land-water distributions: Observations and hydrological modeling at Isawa Fan, northern Japan

et al. 2012

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“…Several reports have made positive claims for triplet detection, but each time there have been objections on either observational or theoretical grounds (Crossley et al, 1999). For example, Smylie (1992) claimed the detection of the Slichter triplet at periods of 3.582, 3.768, and 4.015 h (frequencies of 77.6, 73.7, and 69.2 µHz, respectively), analyzing a product spectrum based on four European superconducting gravimeter (SG) continuous records of the ∼2.5−4 year length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical study of seismic and ground pressure oscillations with steady frequencies in the 0.7–5 h period range

2002

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Abstract. Product spectra of ground pressure variation and seismic oscillations have been calculated in the period subranges of 42-90 min and 2.5-5 h, based on synchronous, colocated microbarograph and seismograph measurements at St. Petersburg (60 • N, 30 • E). The 200 records of 2-3.5 days in length and a combined duration of 525 days have been used. The product spectra have been computed for winter, spring, summer, and autumn, both individually and in combination. The spectra of different seasons are distinct from each other for both microbarograph and seismograph measurements; this can be caused by a seasonal variation in both frequency and amplitude of free oscillations of the atmosphere. There are pressure and seismic oscillations with close frequencies in the spectra for both, for each season and when all seasons are combined. At present, suggestions may only be made regarding the origin of most of these common oscillations. Once again, the penetration of the Earth's free oscillation 0 S 2 with a period of about 54 min into the atmosphere has been confirmed. A common pressure and seismic oscillation with the 206 min period has been detected and has attracted considerable interest. The 159-min periodicity revealed in pressure variations may be associated with the well-known solar oscillation of the 160.01 min period.

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“…(GGP, Crossley et al, 1999), despite the small gravity changes due to hydrological mass storage to be expected (Crossley et al, 2005;Schmidt et al, 2008). The sensor of the SG is known to provide a high resolution and a low and very stable zero reference drift, which must be precisely estimated to determine long-term changes in gravity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity field variations from superconducting gravimeters for GRACE validation

Weise

Kröner

Abe

et al. 2009

Journal of Geodynamics

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The network of superconducting gravimeters (SG) of the 'Global Geodynamics Project' (GGP) offers the unique opportunity to supplement and validate the gravity field variations derived from the GRACE satellite mission. Because of the different spatial and temporal resolution of the gravity data a combination of all data sets can be used to retrieve a maximum of information regarding mass transfers especially related to hydrology which is deployable as constraint for hydrological modelling.For a consistent combination of the data sets the gap between terrestrial data of superconducting and absolute gravimeters (AG) and from satellite data has to be bridged.A successful combination of SG and AG data could be realized for several stations which resulted in time series of highest accuracy and long-term stability.In principle, the same reductions applied to GRACE data have to be taken into account for the terrestrial data. The separation of local hydrological effects in SG observations is crucial for the comparison with satellite-derived gravity data. It is shown that even for stations with a hydrological challenging situation such as Moxa/Germany local hydrology-induced effects can be successfully modelled.* corresponding author, phone: +49-3641-948609, fax: +49-3641-948662, email:Adelheid.Weise@uni-jena.dePage 2 of 21A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p tCurrently, the study focuses on Europe with its dense and long-term observation network. Regarding the consistency of the SG gravity variations they are representative for a larger region. From a comparison with GRACE-derived gravity field changes, and the variations due to hydrological models a principle good agreement emerges.

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Network of superconducting gravimeters benefits a number of disciplines

Cited by 178 publications

References 0 publications

Gravity changes associated with variations in local land-water distributions: Observations and hydrological modeling at Isawa Fan, northern Japan

Gravity changes associated with variations in local land-water distributions: Observations and hydrological modeling at Isawa Fan, northern Japan

Statistical study of seismic and ground pressure oscillations with steady frequencies in the 0.7–5 h period range

Gravity field variations from superconducting gravimeters for GRACE validation

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