Network motifs involving both competition and facilitation predict biodiversity in alpine plant communities

Losapio, Gianalberto; Schöb, Christian; Staniczenko, Phillip P. A.; Carrara, Francesco; Palamara, Gian Marco; Moraes, Consuelo Μ. De; Mescher, Mark C.; Brooker, Rob W.; Butterfield, Bradley J.; Callaway, Ragan M.; Cavieres, Lohengrin A.; Kikvidze, Zaal; Lortie, Christopher J.; Michalet, Richard; Pugnaire, Francisco I.; Bascompte, Jordi

doi:10.1073/pnas.2005759118

Cited by 58 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…Our study emphasises the raising awareness of considering multiple interaction types simultaneously (e.g. antagonistic and mutualistic) to deepen our understanding of complex biodiversity patterns (Losapio et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Plant cheaters preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected to mutualistic plants

Gomes

Bascompte

Merckx

2019

Preprint

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Plant cheaters preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected 3 to mutualistic plants 4 5 Sofia IF Abstract 15 16 • To address how arbuscular mycorrhizal networks sustain cheaters -mycoheterotrophic 17plants that obtain both carbon and soil nutrients from fungi -here we investigate how 18 mutualistic and antagonistic mycorrhizal networks are interlinked. 19• We sampled root tips of mutualistic and cheater plants in two tropical forest plots and 20 assembled the combined network between fungi linked to mutualistic and cheater plants 21 (i.e., tripartite network) using DNA sequencing. We compared the interactions of the fungi 22• Our findings indicate that cheaters preferentially interact with fungi that are well-32 connected to particular mutualistic plants. We hypothesize that these non-random 33 interactions may result from trait-based selection and that this strategy maximizes carbon 34 availability for cheaters. 35 Research (NWO) to V.S.F.T.M. (863.11.018) and field work References 357 Bascompte J, Jordano P. 2007. Plant-Animal Mutualistic Networks: The Architecture of 358 Biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38: 567+593. 359 Bascompte J, Jordano P. 2013. Mutualistic networks. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 360 Bascompte J, Melián CJCJ. 2005. Simple trophic modules for complex food webs. Ecology 361 86: 2868-2873. 362 Bennett AE, Daniell TJ, Öpik M, Davison J, Moora M, Zobel M, Selosse MA, Evans D. 2013. 363 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal networks vary throughout the growing season and between 364 successional stages. PLoS ONE 8. 365 Bever JD, Richardson SC, Lawrence BM, Holmes J, Watson M. 2009. Preferential allocation 366 to beneficial symbiont with spatial structure maintains mycorrhizal mutualism. Ecology 367 Letters 12: 13-21. 368 Bidartondo MI. 2005. The evolutionary ecology of myco-heterotrophy. New Phytologist 369 167: 335-352. 370 Bidartondo MI, Redecker D, Hijri I, Wiemken A, Bruns TD, Domínguez L, Sérsic A, Leake JR, 371 Read DJ. 2002. Epiparasitic plants specialized on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Nature 419: 372 389-392. 373 Brown JH. 1984. On the Relationship between Abundance and Distribution of Species. The 374 American Naturalist 124: 255-279. 375 Bruns TD, Bidartondo MI, Taylor DL. 2002. Host specificity in ectomycorrhizal communities: 376 what do the exceptions tell us? Integrative and comparative biology 42: 352-359. 377 Chagnon PL, Bradley RL, Klironomos JN. 2015. Trait-based partner selection drives 378 mycorrhizal network assembly. Oikos 124.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Plant cheaters preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected to mutualistic plants

Gomes

Bascompte

Merckx

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…A study in an alpine plant community reports that facilitative and neutral pollinator-mediated interactions among plants prevailed over competition ( Tur et al, 2016 ). Additionally, recent studies have reported that the interplay between competition and facilitation affects local population persistence ( Losapio et al, 2021 ). Such facilitative interactions might affect the coexistence of closely related species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding how biotic interaction affects species composition and distribution is a major ongoing challenge in community ecology. Among biotic interactions, competition is the most important and well-studied interaction ( Goldberg & Barton, 1992 ) although facilitation plays a major role in supporting biodiversity and shaping community structure ( Losapio et al, 2021 ). A common hypothesis related to the role of competition in community assembly, termed the competition-relatedness hypothesis (CRH; Cahill et al, 2008 ), states that closely related species compete more intensely than distantly related species, which hypothetically limits the ability of closely related species to coexist ( Webb et al, 2002 ; Slingsby & Verboom, 2006 ; Prinzing et al, 2008 ; reviewed by Mayfield & Levine, 2010 ; HilleRisLambers et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence pattern of congeneric tree species provides conflicting evidence for competition relatedness hypothesis

Watanabe

Maesako

2021

PeerJ

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In plants, negative reproductive interaction among closely related species (i.e., reproductive interference) is known to hamper the coexistence of congeneric species while facilitation can increase species persistence. Since reproductive interference in plants may occur through interspecific pollination, the effective range of reproductive interference may reflects the spatial range of interspecific pollination. Therefore, we hypothesized that the coexistence of congeners on a small spatial scale would be less likely to occur by chance but that such coexistence would be likely to occur on a scale larger than interspecific pollination frequently occur. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis using spatially explicit woody plant survey data. Contrary to our prediction, congeneric tree species often coexisted at the finest spatial scale and significant exclusive distribution was not detected. Our results suggest that cooccurrence of congeneric tree species is not structured by reproductive interference, and they indicate the need for further research to explore the factors that mitigate the effects of reproductive interference.

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“…By considering the classical analysis on community assembly [41] we have been able to compare those results with our synthetic invasion mechanism. Future work should consider several extensions and more general assumptions, such as relaxing the symmetry constraints on the interaction matrix or the introduction of mutualistic effects, which are known to be relevant in microbial soil communities [43, 44]). Similarly, resource-consumer models would be also useful to test the role played by the engineered strain on available resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network-level containment of single-species bioengineering

Maull

Solé

2021

Preprint

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Ecological systems are facing major diversity losses in this century due to Anthropogenic effects. Habitat loss, overexploitation of resources, invasion and pollution are rapidly jeopardising the survival of whole communities, as revealed by pronounced population losses. Moreover, the potential of future tipping points further complicate their survival and change our perspective of risk. It has been recently suggested that a potential approach to flatten the curve of species extinction and prevent catastrophic shifts would involve the engineering of one selected species within one of these communities, aiming at helping the maintenance of key conditions compatible with high diversity. Such possibility has started to become part of potential intervention scenarios to preserve coral reefs, kelp forests or soil microbiomes in drylands. Despite its potential, very little is known about the actual dynamic responses of complex ecological networks to the introduction of a synthetic strains derived from a resident species. In this paper we address this problem by modelling the response of a competitive community to the addition of a synthetic strain derived from a member of a stable ecosystem. We show that the community interaction matrix largely limits the spread of the engineered strain, thus suggesting that species diversity acts as an ecological firewall. Implications for future restoration and terraformation strategies are discussed.

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Network motifs involving both competition and facilitation predict biodiversity in alpine plant communities

Cited by 58 publications

References 50 publications

Plant cheaters preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected to mutualistic plants

Plant cheaters preferentially target arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that are highly connected to mutualistic plants

Co-occurrence pattern of congeneric tree species provides conflicting evidence for competition relatedness hypothesis

Network-level containment of single-species bioengineering

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