Network Formation Game for Multi-Hop Wearable Communications over Millimeter Wave Frequencies

Abstract

Abstract-In this paper, the use of multi-hop, device-to-device communications over millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies is studied for effective wearable communications. In particular, the problem of uplink communications is studied for a wearable network in which each wearable device seeks to form a multihop path over mmW to access a cellular base station, in order to overcome the high channel loss caused by mmW attenuation and blockage. To analyze the optimal selection of the uplink path, a network formation game is formulated between all wearable devices. In this game, each wearable device autonomously chooses the uplink path that maximizes its utility function that captures the tradeoff between rate, delay, and privacy. To solve this game, a novel algorithm that combines best response dynamics with mixed-strategy techniques is proposed to find the mixed Nash network, which corresponds to a stable uplink structure at which no wearable device can improve its utility by changing its network formation decision. Simulation results show that the proposed game approach improves the average utility per wearable device of over 14% and 78%, respectively, compared with the direct transmission and the nearest next-hop schemes.

High-Speed Concurrent Transmission Scheme for Full Duplex Multi-Hop Relay Assisted mmWave WPAN Networks

“…Additionally, the performance in terms of end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio can be improved as well. In [15], a network formation game was designed to select multi-hop routing paths for the mmWavebased wearable networks in the distributed and dynamic way.…”

Spatial Motifs for Device-to-Device Network Analysis in Cellular Networks

“…Hence, the received power is given by P ij = P t h ij d −α ij , where P t is the transmit power of each device, h ij is the channel gain that follows an exponential distribution with mean equal to 1, d ij is the corresponding distance between any two devices i and j, and α is the path loss exponent. Similar to the bandwidth allocation in [31], in a star motif, we assume that the two D2D links will split the frequency resources evenly and each link uses half of the bandwidth, w 1 2 . Meanwhile, in a chain motif, the first and second D2D links will reuse the same resource, w 1 , at two consecutive time slots.…”