Network Analysis of Capillary and Trapping Behavior of Foams in Porous Media

Flumerfelt, Raymond W.; Hl, Chen; Ruengphrathuengsuka, Wirogana; Hsu, W.-F.; Prieditis, John

doi:10.2118/20066-pa

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The critical micelle concentration (cmc) for the surfactant was reported to be 0.25% by active weight in distilled water. 76 We determined the cmc to be 0.01% in our brine (1 % NaC1, 0.1 %CaCl,) at 40°C.…”

Section: Apparatus and Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Improved techniques for fluid diversion in oil recovery. Final report

Seright¹

1996

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This report describes work performed during the third and final year of the project, 'Tmproved Techniques for Fluid Diversion in Oil Recovery." This project was directed at reducing water production and increasing oil recovery efficiency. In the United States, more than 20 billion barrels of water are produced each year during oilfield operations. An average of 7 barrels of water are produced for each barrel of oil. Today, the cost of water disposal is typically between $0.25 and $0.50 per bbl. Therefore, there is a tremendous economic incentive to reduce water production if that can be accomplished without sacrificing hydrocarbon production. Environmental considerations also provide a significant incentive to reduce water production during oilfield operations.This three-year project had two technical objectives. The first objective was to compare the effectiveness of gels in fluid diversion (water shutoff) with those of other types of processes. Several different types of fluid-diversion processes were compared, including those using gels , foams , emulsions, particulates, and microorganisms. The ultimate goals of these comparisons were to (1) establish which of these processes are most effective in a given application and (2) determine whether aspects of one process can be combined with those of other processes to improve performance. Analyses and experiments were performed to verify which materials are the most effective in entering and blocking high-permeability zones.The second objective of the project was to identify the mechanisms by which materials (particularly gels) selectively reduce permeability to water more than to oil. A capacity to reduce water permeability much more than oil or gas permeability is critical to the success of gel treatments in production wells if zones cannot be isolated during gel placement.Topics covered in this report include (1) determination of gel properties in fractures, (2) investigation of schemes to optimize gel placement in fractured systems, (3) an investigation of why some polymers and gels can reduce water permeability more than oil permeability, (4) consideration of whether microorganisms and particulates can exhibit placement properties that are superior to those of gels, and (5) examination of when foams may show placement properties that are superior to those of gels.This project received financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, the State of New Mexico, and a consortium of 10 oil companies. The technology developed in this project was transferred to the oil industry in several ways. First, project review meetings were held regularly, with 27 people from 13 organizations attending the most recent review (August 15-16, 1995). Second, technical progress reports were issued quarterly and annually. Third, papers were regularly presented at meetings of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) and were published in SPE and other journals (see Appendix F). Fourth, in conjunction with SPE's Distinguished Lecture Series, the presentation, " Cost-Effect...

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Section: Apparatus and Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Improved techniques for fluid diversion in oil recovery. Final report

Seright¹

1996

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“…Flumerfelt et al [40] utilized a network analysis to investigate capillary pressure effects for foam flow in porous media. Semi-quantitative results indicate high trapped gas saturations.…”

Section: Capillary Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transient behavior of simultaneous flow of gas and surfactant solution in consolidated porous media

Baghdikian¹,

Handy²

1991

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“…The models for micromechanism of foam are mainly based on mechanical analysis. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] The visual simulation results of foam micromigration mechanism in porous media are almost blank, such as micromorphology mechanism, the mechanism of interaction between bubbles and the Jamin effect. The effective simulation model based on foam texture is a multiscale model proposed by describing the evolution of the foam membrane rearrangement, drainage, and rupture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Dynamic Texture and Flow Characteristics of Foam Transport in Porous Media Based on Fractal Theory

Wang

et al. 2019

Fractals

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Foam fluid has found wide applications in oilfield development, such as profile control, water plugging, gas channeling control, fracturing, and so on. As a non-Newtonian fluid, the successful application of foam is significantly influenced by its structure. The foam texture, however, is complex and irregular, and becomes even more complicated in porous media by the boundary effects. Therefore, the description of dynamic foam structure is crucial and a quantitative description method for foam fluid is worth exploring. In this paper, the fractal characteristics of foam in porous media are verified and combined with foam microdisplacement experiment, and the fractal rule of foam is found. The relationship between fractal dimension and pressure is also discussed. The results show that foam has dynamic fractal characteristics during transport in porous media and the box-counting fractal dimension ranges from 1 to 2. Furthermore, the dynamic change of foam fractal dimension during transport in porous media could be divided into three stages. In the first stage when no foam forms, the fractal dimension is about 2; in the second unsteady foam stage, the fractal dimension is reduced from 1.9 to 1.6; the last one is the steady stage and the fractal dimension is almost constant (about 1.6). Besides, the fractal dimension of foam fluid is closely related to displacement pressure. Low pressure corresponds to higher fractal dimension, and high pressure corresponds to lower fractal dimension. Pressure is negatively linearly correlated with fractal dimension. These results are expected to enrich the understanding of the foam dynamic characteristics in their advanced applications.

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Network Analysis of Capillary and Trapping Behavior of Foams in Porous Media

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Improved techniques for fluid diversion in oil recovery. Final report

Improved techniques for fluid diversion in oil recovery. Final report

Transient behavior of simultaneous flow of gas and surfactant solution in consolidated porous media

Investigation of Dynamic Texture and Flow Characteristics of Foam Transport in Porous Media Based on Fractal Theory

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