Net-zero energy building design and life-cycle cost analysis with air-source variable refrigerant flow and distributed photovoltaic systems

Kim, Dongsu; Cho, Heejin; Koh, Jae-Yoon; Im, Piljae

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109508

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…LOP4 exhibited a higher IC than LOP1 due to the significant distinction in the retrofit prices for (1) the HVAC and geothermal systems (associated with larger building area), and (2) the window upgrade and air-tightness improvement (associated with larger W/W ratio). These findings highlight the impact of building features on building retrofitting projects and its associated IC [34,36].…”

Section: Building Performance Based On the Combinatorial Retrofit Measuresmentioning

confidence: 80%

A target-driven decision-making multi-layered approach for optimal building retrofits via agglomerative hierarchical clustering: A case study in China

Hong

Ezeh²,

Zhao

et al. 2021

Building and Environment

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The optimisation of energy, environmental and economic (3E) outcomes is the principal approach to identifying retrofit solutions for a sustainable built environment. By applying this approach and defining a set performance target, this study proposes a makeshift decision framework that integrates a data mining procedure (agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC)) into the multi-objective decision-making process to provide a simplified 3E assessment of building retrofits on a macro-scale. The framework comprises of three methodological models: (1) a building stock aggregation model, (2) an individualistic 3E model that provides the sensitivity analysis for (3) a life cycle cost-environmental assessment model. The framework is demonstrated and validated with a case study aimed at achieving the set EUI targets for low-rise office buildings (LOB) in Shanghai. The model defines 4 prototypical buildings for the existing LOB blocks, which are used for the individual evaluation of 12 commonly applied retrofit measures. Subsequently, a simplified LCC-environmental assessment was performed to evaluate the 3E prospects of 2048 possible retrofit combinations. The results uniquely identify retrofit solutions to attain set performance targets and optimal building performance. Furthermore, the decision criteria for different investment scenarios are discussed. Overall, this study provides building investors an innovative framework for a facile and holistic assessment of a broader range of retrofit alternatives based on set performance targets. .

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Section: Building Performance Based On the Combinatorial Retrofit Measuresmentioning

confidence: 80%

A target-driven decision-making multi-layered approach for optimal building retrofits via agglomerative hierarchical clustering: A case study in China

Hong

Ezeh²,

Zhao

et al. 2021

Building and Environment

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“…For instance, if the building is supplied by solar photovoltaic energy, life cycle cost would not be economic in the cold areas. However, such issues may be fixed with providing financial subside by the government for PV integration [3].…”

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero Energy Building by Multicarrier Energy Systems including Hydro, Wind, Solar, and Hydrogen

Mehrjerdi

Hemmati

Shafie‐khah

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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This paper proposes a unified solution to address the energy issues in net zero energy building (ZEB), as a new contribution to earlier studies. The multi-carrier energy system including hydro-wind-solar-hydrogen-methane-carbon dioxidethermal energies is integrated and modeled in ZEB. The electrical sector is supplied by hydro-wind-solar, combined heat and power (CHP), and pumped hydro storage (PHS). The thermal sector is supplied by CHP, thermal boiler and electric heating. The hydrogen storage system and Methanation process operate as the interface energy carriers between the electrical and thermal sectors. The carbon dioxide (CO2) of the ZEB is captured and fed into the Methanation process. The purpose is minimizing the released CO2 to the atmosphere while all the electrical-thermal load demands are successfully supplied considering events and disruptions. The model improves simultaneously the energy resilience and minimizes the environmental pollutions. The results demonstrate that the developed model reduces the CO2 pollution by about 33451 kg per year. The model is a resilient energy system that can handle all failures of components. The model can efficiently handle 26% increment in the electrical loads and 110% increment in the thermal loads.

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“…This increase in building energy consumption has also led to concerns regarding the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the coming years. In response to these issues, renewable energy systems have been gaining attention to reduce building energy consumption by generating on-site clean electricity [3], thus enabling buildings to reach potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions [4]. With the growing adoption of renewable energy systems in buildings, low or net-zero energy buildings have been considered as a realistic solution to not only decrease building energy usage [5], but also to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Cracks in BIPV Modules on Power Outputs: A Case Study Based on Measured and Simulated Data

Lee

et al. 2021

Energies

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Crack issues afflicting a building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) system are major concerns in terms of the system’s maintenance and power degradation. Although there may be many circumstances that bring about cracks in BIPV modules during the installation process, identifying the degradation of PV module efficiency resulting from the effects of cracks tends to be a very difficult task unless actual indoor or outdoor tests or detailed electroluminescence imaging tests are conducted. Many current studies have demonstrated that cracks may or may not impact the output performance of PV modules depending on the damage levels or where the damage is located. For BIPV applications such as replacement for building materials, there is still a lack of information and case studies addressing crack issues in a quantitative manner for evaluating BIPV output performance. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of cracks in BIPV modules on power outputs and to identify detailed relationships between the cracks and power output based on experimental and simulated analysis. An experimental facility located in Daejeon, South Korea, was used to gather data from cracked and non-cracked BIPV modules. By using the field-measured data and facility’ information, a simulation model was developed using SolarPro software, and a simulated-based analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of cracks in BIPV modules on output values after proper validation of the model. The results from this study reveal that cracks in BIPV modules exhibit significant degradation in BIPV modules’ outputs of up to 43% reduction during the experimental period. From the annual comparative results, output degradations of 34.6–35.4% were estimated when the BIPV modules included cracks. As a result, the cracks in the BIPV modules could be carefully addressed as issues occurring in the BIPV installation process.

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Net-zero energy building design and life-cycle cost analysis with air-source variable refrigerant flow and distributed photovoltaic systems

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

A target-driven decision-making multi-layered approach for optimal building retrofits via agglomerative hierarchical clustering: A case study in China

A target-driven decision-making multi-layered approach for optimal building retrofits via agglomerative hierarchical clustering: A case study in China

Zero Energy Building by Multicarrier Energy Systems including Hydro, Wind, Solar, and Hydrogen

The Impact of Cracks in BIPV Modules on Power Outputs: A Case Study Based on Measured and Simulated Data

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