Net Present Value Analysis of Sow Longevity and the Economic Sensitivity of Net Present Value to Changes in Production, Market Price, Feed Cost, and Replacement Gilt Costs in a Farrow-to-Finish Operation

Stalder, K. J.; Lacy, Robert C.; Cross, Tim; Conatser, G.E.; Darroch, C. S.

doi:10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31658-2

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Sows must remain in the herd for at least three parities to produce enough piglets to offset the initial cost of the purchase of a replacement gilt and the costs associated with gilt development (Stalder et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between litters per sow per year sire breeding values and sire progeny means for farrowing rate, removal parity and lifetime born alive

Abell

Mabry

Dekkers

et al. 2012

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between individual sire estimated breeding values (EBV) for litters/sow/year (LSY) and sire progeny means for farrowing rate (FR), removal parity and lifetime born alive (LTBA). Genetic parameters and breeding values were estimated using ASREML. The heritability estimate for LSY was 0.11. When all sires with 10 or more daughters with records were included in the analysis, Spearman rank correlations between the sire's LSY EBV and the sires' daughter means for FR, removal parity and LTBA were 0.49, 0.23 and 0.25 (p < 0.01). The sire EBV for LSY was favourably correlated with sires' daughter means for all three traits. This provides evidence that selecting sires with high EBV for LSY could improve herd FR, removal parity and LTBA. By including LSY as part of the selection criterion, the LTBA may be indirectly improved. The positive genetic correlation between LTBA and LSY may be a result of the improved longevity of sows with greater LSY compared with sows with lower LSY. The relationships between LSY and FR, removal parity and LTBA are strongly supported by the correlations between the sire progeny means for each trait and the sire LSY EBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between litters per sow per year sire breeding values and sire progeny means for farrowing rate, removal parity and lifetime born alive

Abell

Mabry

Dekkers

et al. 2012

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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“…Additionally, the consistency demonstrated by CPT1A, regardless of the type of analysis performed, leaves little doubt that it is associated with survival to parity 4. Survival to parity 4 is also a critical time point as sows typically need to produce at least 3 parities to recover their investment costs (Stalder et al, 2000(Stalder et al, , 2003. Sows that have the 12 genotype for CPT1A have a reduced hazard rate than the 11 genotype class when analyzed at survival to parity 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unacceptable replacement rates occurring on commercial farms are being driven by increased culling and mortality levels. Increased culling and mortality levels suggest that many breeding females do not produce a third litter, the point when most females recover their investment costs (Stalder et al, 2000(Stalder et al, , 2003. Recent analysis of the commercial sow herd shows that 42% of the females that enter the farm wean 30 or fewer pigs before they are culled and 94% are culled before they wean 57 pigs (Anil and Deen, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent analysis of the commercial sow herd shows that 42% of the females that enter the farm wean 30 or fewer pigs before they are culled and 94% are culled before they wean 57 pigs (Anil and Deen, 2007). Current replacement rates place the burden of being profitable on a relatively small percentage of sows that remain productive beyond the average sow (Stalder et al, 2000(Stalder et al, , 2003Pla et al, 2003). Additionally, having a high replacement rate leads to having a greater than ideal proportion of parity 1 females in the herd, whose offspring are typically slower growing and endure more health-related problems compared with offspring from older sows (Moore, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of genetic markers for productive life in commercial sows1

Mote

Koehler

Mabry

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

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Escalating replacement rates and production costs warrant attention on sow productive life (SPL). Increasing average SPL by one-tenth of 1 parity would result in an annual revenue increase of over $15 million in the United States. Research in model organisms has revealed conserved genes and gene pathways that lead to longer lifespan. The most prominent gene pathways are those involved in growth, most notably genes in the IGF pathway that serve to mimic the response of caloric restriction. The objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that these well conserved genes and gene pathways could also play a role in SPL, even though the productive life of sows is both a measure of longevity and their reproductive performance. Preliminary research on 3 distinct populations of over 2,000 animals suggested that several genes were associated with components of SPL. Genetic markers were then analyzed against the corresponding records of the sows for reproductive and longevity traits using a validation population of 2,000 commercial females. Right censored data were used to test associations of genetic markers with survival to defined time points. Three distinct models of survival analysis were implemented using nonparametric estimates of the survival distribution in a sequential order, using a parametric accelerated failure time model with a Weibull distribution of the error term, and a Cox proportional hazards model, which is a semiparametric model that uses an unspecified baseline hazard function. The genetic markers CCR7 and CPT1A were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with survival using the nonparametric model and tended (P < 0.1) toward significance using the parametric and semiparametric models with significantly different effects (P < 0.05) between some genotype classes. Genetic markers for MBL2, IGFBP3, and WARS2 also tended (P < 0.1) toward significance for survival traits, but were not consistent. Mixed model analyses were used to determine the associations of these genetic markers with reproductive traits. The genetic markers for IGFBP1, MBL2, CPT1A, CCR7, SLC22A5, and ACE were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with at least 1 reproductive trait. These results show that molecular markers should be considered for use in marker-assisted selection to improve SPL. ABSTRACT: Escalating replacement rates and production costs warrant attention on sow productive life (SPL). Increasing average SPL by one-tenth of 1 parity would result in an annual revenue increase of over $15 million in the United States. Research in model organisms has revealed conserved genes and gene pathways that lead to longer lifespan. The most prominent gene pathways are those involved in growth, most notably genes in the IGF pathway that serve to mimic the response of caloric restriction. The objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that these well conserved genes and gene pathways could also play a role in SPL, even though the productive life of sows is both a measure of longevity and their reproductive perfor...

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“…The high lameness incidence can result in a large profit loss for swine operations due to the sows' early removal from the breeding herd before they have paid for themselves and mortalities that result in no salvage value for cull sows (Stalder et al, 2000;Anil et al, 2005). Additionally, costs associated with treating sow lameness and reduced production (Fitzgerald et al, 2012) further reduce the sow farm's production efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using classification trees to detect induced sow lameness with a transient model

Abell

Johnson²,

Karriker³

et al. 2014

Animal

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Feet and legs issues are some of the main causes for sow removal in the US swine industry. More timely lameness detection among breeding herd females will allow better treatment decisions and outcomes. Producers will be able to treat lame females before the problem becomes too severe and cull females while they still have salvage value. The objective of this study was to compare the predictive abilities and accuracies of weight distribution and gait measures relative to each other and to a visual lameness detection method when detecting induced lameness among multiparous sows. Developing an objective lameness diagnosis algorithm will benefit animals, producers and scientists in timely and effective identification of lame individuals as well as aid producers in their efforts to decrease herd lameness by selecting animals that are less prone to become lame. In the early stages of lameness, weight distribution and gait are impacted. Lameness was chemically induced for a short time period in 24 multiparous sows and their weight distribution and walking gait were measured in the days following lameness induction. A linear mixed model was used to determine differences between measurements collected from day to day. Using a classification tree analysis, it was determined that the mean weight being placed on each leg was the most predictive measurement when determining whether the leg was sound or lame. The classification tree's predictive ability decreased as the number of days post-lameness induction increased. The weight distribution measurements had a greater predictive ability compared with the gait measurements. The error rates associated with the weight distribution trees were 29.2% and 31.3% at 6 days post-lameness induction for front and rear injected feet, respectively. For the gait classification trees, the error rates were 60.9% and 29.8% at 6 days post-lameness induction for front and rear injected feet, respectively. More timely lameness detection can improve sow lifetime productivity as well as animal welfare.

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Net Present Value Analysis of Sow Longevity and the Economic Sensitivity of Net Present Value to Changes in Production, Market Price, Feed Cost, and Replacement Gilt Costs in a Farrow-to-Finish Operation

Cited by 35 publications

References 2 publications

Relationship between litters per sow per year sire breeding values and sire progeny means for farrowing rate, removal parity and lifetime born alive

Relationship between litters per sow per year sire breeding values and sire progeny means for farrowing rate, removal parity and lifetime born alive

Identification of genetic markers for productive life in commercial sows1

Using classification trees to detect induced sow lameness with a transient model

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