PRESENTATIONA 63-year-old African American woman presented with multiple painful, violaceous nodules on her lower extremities for the preceding 3 weeks. Her past medical history was notable for mechanical aortic valve replacement 7 years prior, asthma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Her home medications included warfarin, longstanding low-dose prednisone for severe asthma, calcium, atorvastatin, glipizide, metformin, insulin, ipratropium-albuterol, montelukast, omalizumab, losartan, metoprolol, torsemide, and omeprazole.On physical examination, a 5 Â 6-mm firm, violaceous, tender papule was present on the left superior thigh. A 2 Â 2.5-cm hyperpigmented nodule was present on the left inferior thigh. A 5 Â 3.5-cm painful violaceous plaque with central retiform hypopigmentation was present on the left medial calf (Figure 1). Finally, a firm, tender plaque was present on the right posterior calf.
ASSESSMENTA punch biopsy from the left calf showed predominantly concentric calcification of subcutaneous vessels approximately 200-250 mm in diameter ( Figure 2). There was no evidence of other entities in the clinical differential diagnosis including vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, warfarin necrosis, necrobiosis lipoidica, or a panniculitis such as erythema nodosum.Serum calcium (9.4 mg/dL), phosphorus (4.0 mg/dL), blood urea nitrogen (27 mg/dL), creatinine (1.3 mg/dL), albumin (3.8 g/dL), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (44 ng/mL), and parathyroid hormone (62 pg/mL) were all within normal limits. The international normalized ratio and prothrombin time were appropriately therapeutic. The patient also was up to date with malignancy screening.On follow-up, the biopsy site demonstrated a pathergic response with poor wound healing and evolution into a Figure 1 Two views of the 5 Â 3.5-cm painful violaceous plaque with central retiform hypopigmentation on the left medial calf.