Net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in sheep fed tropical vs. temperate grass hay of moderate or low qualities

Patil, A. R.; Goetsch, A.L.; Park, K.K.; Kouakou, B.; Galloway, D. L.; West, Charles P.; Johnson, Z. B.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(95)00006-7

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since the absorption of glucose from the lumen can be assumed to be negligible in this experiment, net portal flux of glucose can be considered as uptake from the arterial supply, averaging 3 % at all three levels of intake. This value is in good agreement with other data obtained in cattle (Reynolds & Huntington, 1988) or sheep (Patil et al 1995) fed forage diets. In experiments where both net portal flux of glucose and whole-body glucose turnover rate have been measured, net portal uptake has been reported to account for 9± 21 % of the total glucose demand in sheep and cattle fed forage diets (Huntington et al 1981;Janes et al 1985;Seal et al 1992;Seal & Parker, 1994).…”

Section: Portal Blood Flow and Energy Metabolism Of Portal-drained VIsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of underfeeding on metabolism of portal-drained viscera in ewes

Nozière¹,

Rémond²,

Bernard³

et al. 2000

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated whether short-term underfeeding could induce adaptative mechanisms in portal-drained viscera (PDV) that would allow nutrients to be spared for vital functions in adult ewes. Six ewes (three of them fitted with catheters in the mesenteric artery and portal and mesenteric veins) were fed, in a double 3×3 Latin square design (2 weeks per experimental period), a regrowth of natural grassland hay at 143 (high; H), 88 (medium; M) and 51 (low; L) % of their energy maintenance requirements. The digestibility of the diet was measured in all six ewes and the net portal fluxes of nutrients in the three catheterized ewes. The organic matter content and N digestibility of the diet were not affected by underfeeding. Urinary and faecal N losses and N balance were linearly related to feed intake. Arterial concentration of acetate was linearly related to feed intake. Arterial concentrations of the other volatile fatty acids, 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, glucose, NH3, urea and total amino acids were not affected by underfeeding. Arterial concentration of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) increased with underfeeding. The portal net release of all volatile fatty acids, 3-hydroxybutyrate and NH3were linearly related to intake. The portal net flux of both essential and non-essential amino acids, and thus total amino acids, remained unchanged between levels H and M, and decreased between levels M and L. A significant net uptake for glycine and total non-essential amino acids occurred at level L. The portal net uptake of glucose, urea, glutamate and glutamine, and the portal net release of lactate and NEFA were not affected by underfeeding. Summation of portal energy fluxes indicated that 51 % of the metabolizable energy intake was recovered in the portal blood with the three levels of intake. In conclusion, no quantitative adaptation to spare energy, in terms of percentage of intake, occurred in PDV of short-term underfed ruminants, but the pattern of absorption of energetic nutrients was modified.

show abstract

Section: Portal Blood Flow and Energy Metabolism Of Portal-drained VIsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of underfeeding on metabolism of portal-drained viscera in ewes

Nozière¹,

Rémond²,

Bernard³

et al. 2000

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Differences between grass sources in splanchnic tissue heat energy production relative to DEI were similar to results of previous experiments with ad libitum intake where differences were found to be due to factors other than DEI (Patil et al 1995(Patil et al , 1996Goetsch et al 1996). Conversely, DEI as an index of physiological workload appears to be a relatively more important determinant of splanchnic tissue energy use with limited or restricted intake (Johnson et al 1990).…”

Section: Blood Flow and Oxygensupporting

confidence: 83%

Net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in wethers consuming grasses of different sources and physical forms ad libitum

et al. 1997

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Crossbred sheep (n 16,8-5 months of age and 33 (SE 0.9) kg) were used in a 21 d experiment (2x2 factorial) to determine effects on net flux of nutrients across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of ad libitum consumption of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon; B) v. ryegrass (Lolium mu&@orum)-wheat (Triteurn aestivum; RW) hay, coarsely chopped (CC) or finely ground and pelleted (GP). Crude protein concentrations were 86, 81, 113 and 119g/kg and neutral-detergent fibre concentrations were 710,688, 654 and 672 g/kg (dry matter basis) for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively. Digestible energy intake (6-0,9.6,10-2 and 13.8 W/d) Mered (P < 0.01) with grass source and form, and digestible N intake values were 4-4,7-0,8-4 and 14.1 (SEM 0.82) g/d for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP diets respectively. Consumption of O2 by the PDV (118,165, 144 and 155mmollh) and splanchnic bed (196,273,247 and 266mmollh for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively) was greater (P=O*O7) for GP than for CC. The ratio splanchnic heat energy production : digestible energy intake was greater (P = 0-06) for B than for RW (0.374,0-300, 0.278 and 0.219 for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively). a-Amino-N release by the PDV (P -= 0.01; 11.6, 12.8, 23.0 and 18-7 mmoyh) and uptake by the liver (P = 0.07; 15-2, 6.1, 17.0 and 19.3 mmoyh for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively) were greater for RW than for B. Release of NHJ-N by the PDV was greater (P=O-O2) for CC than for GP (12.5, 6-2, 15.7 and 8-9mmoyh), and hepatic urea-N release differed between grass sources (P=O-O3) and physical forms (P=0.07; 22.6, 12.7, 31-4 and W8mmoVh for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively). In conclusion, decreases in forage particle size elicited by grinding and pelleting did not affect the difference between grass sources in splanchnic tissue heat energy production relative to digestible energy intake. Forage: Splanchnic metabolism: SheepEffects of fine grinding and pelleting forage on ruminant performance are often not explained solely by changes in absorbed nutrients (Berger et al. 1994), implying an improved efficiency of metabolism. The grinding and pelleting of forage decreases eating time per unit of intake, and whole-body energy expenditure is markedly increased during eating (Webster, 1980). Grinding and pelleting also has, in some instances, increased ruminal propionate concentration (Fahey et al. Berger et al. 1994), which conceivably, with * Published with the approval of the Director of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, manuscript no.95145.

show abstract

“…Relationship between portal blood flow and metabolizable energy intake in sheep. The line shown (y = 61.4 + .093 x, SEy = 11.4, r 2 = .78) represents the regression that was obtained for sheep with paraaminohippuric acid dilution, and published by Bergman et al (1970), Bergman and Wolf (1971), Heitmann et al (1986), Gross et al (1990), Burin et al (1991), Goetsch et al (1994), Freetly et al (1995), Goetsch and Ferrell (1995), and Patil et al (1995). These data are denoted by o.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Technical note: measuring portal blood flow in sheep using an ultrasonic transit time flow probe.

Rémond¹,

Ortigues-Marty²,

Isserty³

et al. 1998

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our objective was to validate the use of an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter for the measurement of portal blood flow (PBF) in sheep. Data recorded with this technique were compared with those obtained with an indicator dilution method, and probes were calibrated in vivo. Wethers were fitted with catheters in the portal, jejunal, and ruminal veins and in a mesenteric artery. Ultrasonic flow probes were implanted around the portal vein: S-series probes in three wethers, and A-series probes in four wethers. The PBF measured with A-series probes was within 10% of that measured by indicator dilution, but PBF measured with S-series probes were 52 to 77% of that determined by indicator dilution. In vivo calibration indicated that A-series probes provided accurate measurement of PBF (absolute accuracy: 5%+/-zero flow error). In conclusion, an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter, with an A-series probe, can be used to reliably measure PBF in sheep.

show abstract

Net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in sheep fed tropical vs. temperate grass hay of moderate or low qualities

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of underfeeding on metabolism of portal-drained viscera in ewes

Effect of underfeeding on metabolism of portal-drained viscera in ewes

Net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in wethers consuming grasses of different sources and physical forms ad libitum

Technical note: measuring portal blood flow in sheep using an ultrasonic transit time flow probe.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About