Nested polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosing spinal cord schistosomiasis: A promising method

Bruscky, Igor Silvestre; Melo, Fábio Lopes de; Medeiros, Zulma; Albuquerque, Flávia Falcão; Wanderley, Leandro Batista; Correia, Carolina da Cunha

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.04.049

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, these techniques seem to implicate high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (80%) compared with our standard laboratory tests. Only a few studies have evaluated this method, and future studies with a high quality of methodical designing are warranted [12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroschistosomiasis mimicking lower back pain: case report of a rare differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient

et al. 2018

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BackgroundSpinal myelitis is an infrequent manifestation of spinal cord infection. It is caused by the Schistosoma species, which are endemic in South America, part of the Middle East, and Africa.Case presentationWe report the case of a 13-year-old male adolescent complaining of progressive lower back pain and weakness of the lower extremities for 3 days. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed typical transverse myelitis. Subsequently, parasite serology showed a markedly elevated level of Schistosoma antibody titers, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis yielded normal results. Because of our presumptive diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis, the patient was prescribed an empirical regimen of an anti-parasitic agent, after which his neurological deficit promptly subsided. The patient was followed for 1 year and showed a complete long-term resolution of symptoms.ConclusionsThis case highlights the increasing prevalence of neuroschistosomiasis in recent years, particularly in patients with a history of travel to endemic regions. Moreover, the study reports the clinicoradiological features of this enigmatic disorder. This rare occurrence potentiates further studies to address unanswered questions about neuroschistosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroschistosomiasis mimicking lower back pain: case report of a rare differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient

et al. 2018

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“…Nested PCR (nPCR) is a more sensitive and a specific approach than cPCR, and has been successfully applied in different instances in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis [ 46 , 76 ]. However, the procedure includes duplication of cPCR for the initial amplification of a larger gene fragment and then another sequence within the initial fragment, which involves more labor and a higher cost.…”

Section: Dna-based Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schistosome cfDNA detection is an ideal option to diagnose these cases either using serum or non-invasive clinical samples like urine [ 114 ]. Furthermore, cfDNA detection is helpful in situations such as neuroschistosomiasis, where parasite DNA can be detected in host cerebrospinal fluid [ 46 , 120 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Dna Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

2018

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Despite extensive efforts over the last few decades, the global disease burden of schistosomiasis still remains unacceptably high. This could partly be attributed to the lack of accurate diagnostic tools for detecting human and animal schistosome infections in endemic areas. In low transmission and low prevalence areas where schistosomiasis elimination is targeted, case detection requires a test that is highly sensitive. Diagnostic tests with low sensitivity will miss individuals with low infection intensity and these will continue to contribute to transmission, thereby interfering with the efficacy of the control measures operating. Of the many diagnostic approaches undertaken to date, the detection of schistosome DNA using DNA amplification techniques including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) provide valuable adjuncts to more conventional microscopic and serological methods, due their accuracy, high sensitivity, and the capacity to detect early pre-patent infections. Furthermore, DNA-based methods represent important screening tools, particularly in those endemic areas with ongoing control where infection prevalence and intensity have been reduced to very low levels. Here we review the role of DNA diagnostics in the path towards the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.

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“…The nested PCR (nPCR) involves two primers in two successive runs of the test, where the second amplifies a secondary target within the product of the first run. The advantage is that this limits non-specificity by only permitting a low number of first runs (Bruscky et al, 2016). Quantitative PCR (qPCR), also named real-time PCR, monitors the amplification of the targeted DNA in real time as opposed to only measuring the end product, which not only results in better specificity but also provides a value of the infection intensity (Guegan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic acid amplification techniques for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in humans and the intermediate snail host: a structured review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy

Qin

Bergquist

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Nested polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosing spinal cord schistosomiasis: A promising method

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Neuroschistosomiasis mimicking lower back pain: case report of a rare differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient

Neuroschistosomiasis mimicking lower back pain: case report of a rare differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient

DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

Nucleic acid amplification techniques for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in humans and the intermediate snail host: a structured review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy

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