Nested PCR Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of &lt;i&gt;Babesia              bovis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Babesia bigemina&lt;/i&gt; in Cattle          from Peri-Urban Localities in Gauteng Province, South Africa

Mtshali, Phillip Senzo; Tsotetsi, Ana Mbokeleng; Thekisoe, Oriel; Mtshali, Moses S.

doi:10.1292/jvms.13-0197

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A close genetic relationship was observed between our strain and other strains from Argentine, USA and Brazil. Similar result was investigated by a research work conducted by [21], they found that nested PCR technique conducted to amplify rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1) produced a close genetic relationship of South African strain of B. bovis strains with other strains from Uruguay, Argentine, Brazil and USA. However, the presence of polymorphism can adequately discriminate between a species and another [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., and Trypanosoma spp. in One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Halayeb and Shalateen, Egypt

El‒Sayed¹,

El‐Adl²,

Ali³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Phylogenetic analysis of blood parasite infections including Babesia (B.) bovis, Babesia microti and Trypanosoma (T.) spp. in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) (n= 142) breeds in Halayeb and Shalateen, in Upper Egypt were performed in the current study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting the Rhoptry Associated Protein-1 (RAP-1), Babesia microti small subunit rRNA (ss-rRNA) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) genes were used to detect the prevalence of B. bovis, B. microti and Trypanosoma spp. in camels, respectively. Nested PCR assays were used for the detection of Babesia spp. (B. bovis and B. microti). While, KIN-multi species PCR reaction was employed to detect and identify trypanosome DNA in camels. B. microti was detected in (17/142) with infection rate (11.97 %). Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that B. microti detected in camel was closely related to the German strain in rats and voles in France. B. bovis was also detected in (4/142) with infection rate (2.81%). The sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolated B. bovis was closely related to strains isolated from Argentine, USA and Brazil. Moreover, T. evansi was detected in (8/142) with infection rate (5.63%). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that isolated T. evansi was closely related to T. theileri that was detected from cattle in Brazil. This study provides the first evidence of B. microti in camel in Egypt and highlights the possible role of one-humped camels in maintaining the enzootic cycle of Babesia transmission in Egypt.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., and Trypanosoma spp. in One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Halayeb and Shalateen, Egypt

El‒Sayed¹,

El‐Adl²,

Ali³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…There is a paucity of Babesia surveillance data in humans in Africa, despite evidence that Babesia is present in the region. [16][17][18] A newly developed B. microti ELISA was used to conduct pilot surveillance in Kilosa district where the presence of Babesia is plausible, and high prevalence of malaria poses a risk of misdiagnosis and underreporting. The study findings are mixed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a paucity of human surveillance data on Babesia in Africa, although its presence in ticks and its role as a significant veterinary pathogen is well established. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Of particular interest, B. microti 18 and B. microti-like parasites 21 have been recovered from nonhuman primates in Africa. Babesia overlaps clinically and diagnostically with Plasmodium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Babesia microti and Malaria Infection in Africa: A Pilot Serosurvey in Kilosa District, Tanzania

Bloch¹,

Kasubi

Levin

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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is a tick-borne intraerythrocytic parasite that is clinically and diagnostically similar to malaria parasite, conferring risk of misdiagnosis in areas where both parasites are endemic. Data on in humans in Africa are lacking, despite evidence that it is present in regional animal populations. Samples that were collected in November 2014 to July 2015 in Kilosa district, Tanzania, were evaluated for evidence of malaria and infection. Clinical data and laboratory samples (i.e., hemoglobin, rapid diagnostic testing [RDT] for malaria, peripheral blood smear, and dried blood spots) from a routine survey were available for analysis. Dried blood spots were tested using an investigational enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against . A total of 1,030 children aged 1 month to< 5 years were evaluated; 186 (18.1%) were malaria RDT positive, 180 (96.8%) of whom had peripheral smears reviewed; 70/180 (38.9%) were smear positive for parasites. The median (inter quartile range) and range of ELISA signal to cutoff (S/C) ratio was 0.10 (0.06-0.15) and 0.01-1.65, respectively; the S/C ratios were significantly higher in subjects ≥ 1 year as compared with those< 1 year old ( < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant association between a positive RDT for malaria and the S/C (median 0.09 versus 0.13 in RDT negative versus RDT positive, respectively; < 0.001). The highest S/C ratios were disproportionately clustered in a few hamlets. The findings suggest that may be present in Kilosa district, Tanzania. However, serological cross-reactivity and false positivity, notably between and spp., cannot be definitively excluded and have implications for testing in other settings.

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“…Bovine tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are caused in Brazil mainly by Babesia bovis, B. bigemina and Anaplasma marginale, which occur throughout the tropical, subtropical and temperate areas of the world (Guglielmone, 1995;Echaide et al, 1998;Tembue et al, 2011;Ait-Hamou et al, 2012). As TBD agents are simultaneously present in most regions of enzootic stability or instability (Barros et al, 2005;Atif et al, 2012;Shebish et al, 2012;Brito et al, 2013;Mtshali The results of natural transplacental transmissions in several studies differ, and report absent (Piercy, 1956;Kuttler et al, 1962), low (Passos and Lima, 1984;Ribeiro et al, 1995) or moderate transmission (Maldonado et al, 2012; rates, which lead to the hypothesis that the importance of this transmission pathway may vary by region, depending on the climate characteristics, the cattle, and the presence of vectors, or it may be based on the genetic variability of the agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: Frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of Brazil

Costa

Magalhães

Oliveira³

et al. 2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Bovine tick-borne disease (TBD) constitutes a worldwide group of diseases that result in great losses for dairy and beef cattle. With regard to the epidemiological profile of the diseases, the importance of transplacental transmission is still not very well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the transplacental transmission of TBD agents (Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis and B. bigemina) in a herd of dairy cattle that had been naturally infected in an area of enzootic stability in northeastern Brazil. Blood for serology of the three agents was collected from cows within 120 days of gestation and serology, haemogram and nPCR assays were performed after birth. Blood was collected from the calves within 3h of birth, and haemogram and nPCR assays were performed in all animals. Pre-colostrum serology was achieved in 34 animals. The Student's t-test was used to compare the haemogram results between animals that were positive and negative for the haemoparasites. The cows were seropositive for all agents in at least one of the examinations. We detected 15 cases of vertical transmission of A. marginale, 4 of B. bovis and 2 of B. bigemina in the 60 cows. In infected animals, co-infection was detected for A. marginale and B. bovis in 1 of 60 calves, and a triple infection was detected in one other calf. Fatal neonatal anaplasmosis was observed in 1 of 15 calves, in which death occurred within 24h of birth. From the results, we concluded that transplacental transmission of TBD agents occurs, including in cases of co- and triple-infection. Such transplacental transmission can cause neonatal death, increasing the importance of this form of epidemiological transmission and suggesting its role as a cause of undiagnosed neonatal death.

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Nested PCR Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of <i>Babesia bovis</i> and <i>Babesia bigemina</i> in Cattle from Peri-Urban Localities in Gauteng Province, South Africa

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., and Trypanosoma spp. in One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Halayeb and Shalateen, Egypt

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., and Trypanosoma spp. in One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Halayeb and Shalateen, Egypt

Babesia microti and Malaria Infection in Africa: A Pilot Serosurvey in Kilosa District, Tanzania

Transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: Frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of Brazil

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