Nested-PCR assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infection in domestic animals

Zhang, Xin; He, Chuanchuan; Li, Hao; Ke, Lu; Fu, Zhiqiang; Zhu, Chuangang; Liu, Yiping; Tong, Lai-Bao; Zhou, De-bao; Zha, Li; Hong, Yang; Jin, Yamei; Lin, Jiaojiao

doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0298-y

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, under these circumstances it is important that feasible and rapid sample preservation methods are available prior to DNA extraction and amplification. Potential solutions to these issues include the preservation of clinical specimens such as fingerprick blood, urine, or stool on filter papers as dried spots for convenient transportation to a central laboratory for DNA extraction and amplification, or for direct PCR [ 45 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”

Section: Dna-based Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent surveys undertaken on carabao in the Philippines disclosed a substantially higher prevalence of schistosomiasis using qPCR on fecal samples, compared with copro-microscopic diagnosis [ 42 , 125 ]. Moreover, a recently-developed nPCR assay has also shown potential for field application in the sensitive diagnosis of early cases of schistosomiasis in domestic animals, using serum samples [ 45 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Dna Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

2018

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Despite extensive efforts over the last few decades, the global disease burden of schistosomiasis still remains unacceptably high. This could partly be attributed to the lack of accurate diagnostic tools for detecting human and animal schistosome infections in endemic areas. In low transmission and low prevalence areas where schistosomiasis elimination is targeted, case detection requires a test that is highly sensitive. Diagnostic tests with low sensitivity will miss individuals with low infection intensity and these will continue to contribute to transmission, thereby interfering with the efficacy of the control measures operating. Of the many diagnostic approaches undertaken to date, the detection of schistosome DNA using DNA amplification techniques including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) provide valuable adjuncts to more conventional microscopic and serological methods, due their accuracy, high sensitivity, and the capacity to detect early pre-patent infections. Furthermore, DNA-based methods represent important screening tools, particularly in those endemic areas with ongoing control where infection prevalence and intensity have been reduced to very low levels. Here we review the role of DNA diagnostics in the path towards the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.

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Section: Dna-based Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Dna Diagnostics For Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

2018

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“…It has been proposed to develop new non-species-specific screening tools and/or modify existing immunoassays. Two papers discuss the application of highly sensitive rapid assays for animal diagnosis, the colloidal gold immunochromatography [ 44 ] and the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay [ 45 ]. Veterinary tests are needed in China since bovines and goats are believed to be the main transmission sources there.…”

Section: Can Schistosomiasis Be Eliminated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of schistosomiasis: the tools required

Bergquist¹,

Zhou

Rollinson

et al. 2017

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundHistorically, the target in the schistosomiasis control has shifted from infection to morbidity, then back to infection, but now as a public health problem, before moving on to transmission control. Currently, all endemic countries are encouraged to increase control efforts and move towards elimination as required by the World Health Organization (WHO) roadmap for the global control of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and the WHA65.21 resolution issued by the World Health Assembly. However, schistosomiasis prevalence is still alarmingly high and the global number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to this infection has in fact increased due to inclusion of some ‘subtle’ clinical symptoms not previously counted.Main bodyThere is a need to restart and improve efforts to reach the elimination goal. To that end, the first conference of the Global Schistosomiasis Alliance (GSA) Research Working Group was held in mid-June 2016 in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. It reviewed current progress in schistosomiasis control and elimination, identified pressing operational research gaps that need to be addressed and discussed new tools and strategies required to make elimination a reality. The articles emanating from the lectures and discussions during this meeting, together with some additional invited papers, have been collected as a special issue of the ‘Infectious Diseases of Poverty’ entitled ‘Schistosomiasis Research: Providing the Tools Needed for Elimination’, consisting of 26 papers in all. This paper refers to these papers and discusses critical questions arising at the conference related to elimination of schistosomiasis.ConclusionThe currently most burning questions are the following: Can schistosomiasis be eliminated? Does it require better, more highly sensitive diagnostics? What is the role of preventive chemotherapy at the elimination stage? Is praziquantel sufficient or do we need new drugs? Contemplating these questions, it is felt that the heterogeneity of the endemic areas in the world requires WHO policies to be upgraded instituting new, differentiated guidelines.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0370-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…If the prevalence rate of schistosomiasis is not monitored properly, surveillance of the disease, let alone its elimination, will be difficult to achieve [ 4 ]. Therefore, the detection of S. japonicum in infected domestic animals is critical for the control of this disease [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel fluorescence immunochromatographic assay strip for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica

Shen

Chai

et al. 2021

Parasites Vectors

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Background Schistosomiasis japonica is a severe zoonosis. Domestic animals are the primary source of infection and play an important role in disease transmission. Surveillance and diagnosis play key roles in schistosomiasis control; however, current techniques for the surveillance and diagnosis of the disease have limitations. In this study, we developed a novel fluorescence immunochromatographic assay (FICA) strip to detect anti-Schistosoma japonicum antibodies in host serum. Methods A FICA strip was developed for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in domestic animals. Streptococcus protein G (SPG) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) were transferred onto a nitrocellulose (NC) membrane to form the control line (C) and the test line (T), respectively. With fluorescence activity as well as binding activity to multispecies IgG, the recombinant protein rSPG-RFP was expressed and employed as an antibody indicator in the FICA strips. Results The dual gene fusion plasmid was verified by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. The expressed recombinant protein was 39.72 kDa in size, which was consistent with the predicted molecular weight. The western blot results showed binding activity between rSPG-RFP and IgGs from different hosts. Fluorescence microscopy also showed the fluorescence activity of the protein present. The affinity constant (Ka) values of rSPG-RFP with rabbit, donkey, mouse and goat IgG were 1.9 × 105, 4.1 × 105, 1.7 × 105 and 5.4 × 105, respectively. Moreover, based on the recombinant protein, the test strip for detecting S. japonicum in buffaloes could distinguish positive from negative serum. The lower limit of detection of the FICA strip was 1:10,000. Compared with ELISA, the FICA strips exhibited similar results in the diagnosis of infection in clinical bovine serum samples, with a kappa value of 0.9660 and P < 0.01. The cross-reactivities of the FICA strips with Haemonchus contortus and Schistosoma turkestanicum (30.15% and 91.66%, respectively) were higher than those of ELISA (26.98% and 87.5%, respectively). Conclusions Based on the rSPG-RFP protein that we developed, strip detection can be completed within 15 min. Heightened sensitivity allows the strip to accurately identify schistosome antibodies in serum. In conclusion, this method is convenient, feasible, rapid and effective for detecting S. japonicum.

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Nested-PCR assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infection in domestic animals

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

DNA Diagnostics for Schistosomiasis Control

Elimination of schistosomiasis: the tools required

A novel fluorescence immunochromatographic assay strip for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica

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