Nervous System Vasculitis

Bouhaouala, M. Habib; Charfi, M.R.; Saïd, W.; Fourti, Slim El; Hendaoui, L.

doi:10.1007/174_2011_240

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…In an emergency setting, it rules out hemorrhage or infarction [ 15 ]. Contrast-enhanced CT and CTA may demonstrate enhancing parenchymal lesions, leptomeningeal enhancement, and vascular abnormality; however, CECT/CTA is not usually preferred in children due to limited vessel wall assessment and radiation exposure [ 14 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Diagnostic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Cerebral Vasculitis

et al. 2022

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Cerebral vasculitis is increasingly recognized as a common cause of pediatric arterial stroke. It can present with focal neurological deficits, psychiatric manifestations, seizures, and encephalopathy. The etiopathogenesis of childhood cerebral vasculitis (CCV) is multifactorial, making an inclusive classification challenging. In this review, we describe the common and uncommon CCV with a comprehensive discussion of etiopathogenesis, the role of various imaging modalities, and advanced techniques in diagnosing CCV. We also highlight the implications of relevant clinical, laboratory, and genetic findings to reach the final diagnosis. Based on the clinicoradiological findings, a stepwise diagnostic approach is proposed to facilitate CCV diagnosis and rule out potential mimics. Identification of key clinical manifestations, pertinent blood and cerebrospinal fluid results, and evaluation of central nervous system vessels for common and disease-specific findings will be emphasized. We discuss the role of magnetic resonance imaging, MR angiography, and vessel wall imaging as the imaging investigation of choice, and reservation of catheter angiography as a problem-solving tool. We emphasize the utility of brain and leptomeningeal biopsy for diagnosis and exclusion of imitators and masqueraders.

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Section: Diagnostic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%