Nervous system effects in rats on subacute exposure by lead-containing nanoparticles via the airways

Abstract

The treated rats' body weight gain was significantly lower than that of the controls from the 3rd week onwards, and the weight of their lungs was significantly increased. Horizontal motility increased while vertical motility decreased. Spontaneous cortical activity was shifted to higher frequencies. The somatosensory cortical evoked potential showed increased latency and decreased frequency-following ability, and similar alterations were seen in the tail nerve. Significant Pb deposition was measured in blood, brain, lung and liver samples of the treated rats. The experiments performed seem to constitute an adequate model of the human effects of inhaled Pb NPs.

Assessing the axonal translocation of CeO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles in the sciatic nerve fibers of the frog: an ex vivo electrophysiological study

“…6 During the past several years, there have been numerous toxicological investigations of airborne NPs and their impact on occupational health and the environment. [7][8][9] Experimental models have provided clear evidence that NPs can not only translocate to organs after inhalation, [10][11][12] but can also cause disruption of the blood-brain barrier through different administration routes, including the intravenous, the intraperitoneal, and the intracerebral route. 13,14 Inhaled NPs either translocate directly into the brain or exit the lungs and enter the circulation as shown in rat experiments.…”

“…13,14 Inhaled NPs either translocate directly into the brain or exit the lungs and enter the circulation as shown in rat experiments. 8 The nerve fibers of the olfactory nerve is the route of entry of NPs to the brain. 14 Silver, 15 ultrafine carbon black, 16 manganese oxide, 10 and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) 17,18 NPs have all been found to translocate into the brain via the olfactory nerve in rodents.…”

The effect of nanoparticles on plankton dynamics: A mathematical model

“…A report by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS, 2012) revealed the presence of nanomaterials in cosmetics and sunscreens, although their risks to human health are still unknown. In their study, Oszlánczi et al (2011) concluded that diesel NPs can damage the cardiovascular system of the mouse. In contrast, Miglietta et al (2011) have studied the ecotoxicological impact of several types of NPs on marine organisms.…”

Assessment of ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticle permeability through and toxicity to the blood–brain barrier using Evans blue and TEM

“…Based on other reports of intranasal administration of NPs, they were found mostly in the hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum. 1,10,15,16 …”

“…According to recent reports, inhaled NPs could travel to brain or systemically via lung or olfactory nerves on the upper section of the nasal cavity. 1 Furthermore, direct injections of NPs to brain have been shown to cause inflammation and neurotoxicity, leading to neurological diseases. [2][3][4][5] In in vitro studies, ZnO NPs caused apoptosis of neural stem cells and interfered with the ion channel current in primary hippocampal neurons from rat.…”