Nerve defect repair by differentiated adipose-derived stem cells and chondroitinase ABC-treated acellular nerves

Abstract

The combination of ChABC-treated ACN and dADSC exhibited a synergistic effect in promoting nerve regeneration, and could be an alternative for effective tissue-engineered nerves.

Nerve Repair Using Decellularized Nerve Grafts in Rat Models. A Review of the Literature

“…Muscle functionality, reported as the muscle wet weight and tension ratio, was greater in the sham control compared to autografts at all time points. The average muscle wet weight ratio in the sham control was 82% of that of the native limb ( Wang H. et al, 2016 ), while the ratio obtained with the autografts was increased over time, from a mean of 46.3–51.6% from weeks 6–9 to 10–15, though none of the studies analyzed this parameter during the first 5 weeks ( Whitlock et al, 2009 ; Liu et al, 2011 ; Jia et al, 2012 , 2017 ; Wang et al, 2012 , 2017a ; Zhang and Lv, 2013 ; Vasudevan et al, 2014 ; Zheng et al, 2014 ; Marquardt et al, 2015 ; Jiang et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Wang H. et al, 2016 ; Yan et al, 2016 ; Cai et al, 2017 ). The average muscle tension was 75% for the sham control and 54.7% for the autografts at the last time point; no analyses were performed at earlier time points.…”

“…There are three main decellularization protocols for the creation of a functional graft: the one described by Sondell et al (1998) and Hudson et al (2004) , and the combined Hudson protocol added with chondroitinase ABC by Krekoski et al (2001) . SP was used in 33% of the studies ( Jia et al, 2012 , 2017 ; Wang et al, 2012 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ; Zheng et al, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2014 ; Zhu and Weihua, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Garcia-Pérez et al, 2017 ; Zhu et al, 2015 , 2017 ); HP was used in 24% ( Saheb-Al-Zamani et al, 2013 ; Gao et al, 2014a ; Hoben et al, 2015 ; Marquardt et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Tajdaran et al, 2016 ; Yan et al, 2016 ; Cai et al, 2017 ), and a combined HP was used in 12% ( Whitlock et al, 2009 ; Vasudevan et al, 2014 ; Wood et al, 2014 ; Jiang et al, 2016 ). Other studies (6%) used a FTP with or without the addition of chondroitinase ABC as introduced by Krekoski et al (2001 ; Godinho et al, 2013 ; Wang H. et al, 2016 ).…”

“…Most studies ( Liu et al, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2012 ; Zhang and Lv, 2013 ; Gao et al, 2014a ; Vasudevan et al, 2014 ; Wood et al, 2014 ; Zheng et al, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Jiang et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Wang H. et al, 2016 ; Xiang et al, 2017 ) (39% of the studies included) set week 12 as the last endpoint and a few went beyond the 15th week. For instance, Zhou et al (2014) and Saheb-Al-Zamani et al (2013) evaluated the regenerative process until week 20, Whitlock et al (2009) until week 22, Wakimura et al (2015) , Kusaba et al (2016) , and Wang W. et al (2016) until week 24, and Nagao et al (2011) until week 52.…”

“…In the studies that used the classic decellularization protocols (SP, HP, NP, and FTP), the majority (75.8%) used grafts ranging in length from 10 to 15 mm ( Whitlock et al, 2009 ; Liu et al, 2011 ; Nagao et al, 2011 ; Jia et al, 2012 , 2017 ; Godinho et al, 2013 ; Zhang and Lv, 2013 ; Gao et al, 2014a ; Wood et al, 2014 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ; Zheng et al, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Wakimura et al, 2015 ; Zhu et al, 2015 ; Jiang et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Kusaba et al, 2016 ; Tajdaran et al, 2016 ; Wang W. et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2017b ; Cai et al, 2017 ; Garcia-Pérez et al, 2017 ; Xiang et al, 2017 ). Among the others, only Zhu and Weihua (2014) used a shorter graft (6 mm), while others still used longer grafts: a 20-mm graft in five studies ( Wang et al, 2012 ; Saheb-Al-Zamani et al, 2013 ; Hoben et al, 2015 ; Yan et al, 2016 ; Wang H. et al, 2016 ); a 30-mm graft in two ( Whitlock et al, 2009 ; Marquardt et al, 2015 ); a 35–40 mm graft in two ( Saheb-Al-Zamani et al, 2013 ; Vasudevan et al, 2014 ), and a 60- mm graft in one study ( Saheb-Al-Zamani et al, 2013 ).…”

Comunicação exossomal na transdiferenciação de células-tronco em cocultivo com células neuronais

“…As MSC são uma alternativa de terapia celular para a regeneração de lesões de nervos periféricos, como o nervo ciático, assim como para a regressão do processo de degeneração walleriana, degeneração específica que ocorre no sistema nervoso periférico (COONEY et al, 2016;GÄRTNER et al, 2014;MARCONI et al, 2012;MATTHES et al, 2013;WANG et al, 2010). Recentemente pesquisadores utilizaram ADSC em conjunto com matriz de fibrina (REICHENBERGER et al, 2016), ou ADSC diferenciadas em conjunto com condroitinase (JIANG et al, 2015), ou aplicação sistema de ADSC (MARCONI et al, 2012) e todos estes estudos comprovam que as ADSC tanto indiferenciadas quanto diferenciadas auxiliam de forma significativa na regeneração de lesão de nervo periférico após um trauma.…”