Nerve conduits based on immobilization of nerve growth factor onto modified chitosan by using genipin as a crosslinking agent

Yang, Yumin; Zhao, Wei; He, Jianghong; Zhao, Ying‐Zheng; Ding, Fei; Gu, Xiaosong

doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.06.008

Cited by 69 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The key point influencing functional recovery is the number of axons throughout the suture that enhances the antitension capacity of the nerve [36]. CZON treatment in the present study resulted in the enhanced biomechanical indices that were in agreement with functional and morphometric findings As the posterior tibial branch of the sciatic nerve regenerates into the gastrocnemius muscle, it will regain its mass proportional to the amount of axonal reinnervation [37,38]. In the present study 12 weeks after surgery the muscle mass was found in both experimental groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve: An Animal Model Study

Iman

Araghi

Panahi

et al. 2017

BEAT

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Objective: To determine the effects of chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit on transected sciatic nerve in animal model of rat. Methods: Sixty male White Wistar rats were used in this study. A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit (CZON) filled with phosphate buffered saline. In chitosan group (CHIT) the chitosan conduit was filled with phosphate buffered saline solution. In sham-operated group (SHAM), sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. In transected group (TC), left sciatic nerve was transected and nerve cut ends were fixed in the adjacent muscle. The regenerated fibers were studied within 12 weeks after surgery. Results: The behavioral and functional tests confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in CZON group compared to Chitosan group (p<0.05). The mean ratios of gastrocnemius muscles weight were measured. There was statistically significant difference between the muscle weight ratios of CZON and Chitosan groups (p<0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in CZON than in Chitosan. In immuohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S-100 in CZON was clearly more positive than Chitosan group. Conclusion: Chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit resulted in acceleration of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve: An Animal Model Study

Iman

Araghi

Panahi

et al. 2017

BEAT

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“…LDH as a soluble cytosolic enzyme was released into the culture medium. 28 As shown in Figure 3(C), compared with glutaraldehyde and EDC crosslinked scaffolds, the LDH secretion of HepG2 cells in all genipin crosslinked scaffolds was decreased. Compared with the production of LDH in day 2, the LDH secretion of 0.8%, 1% and 2% genipin crosslinked scaffolds was decreased 1.71 folds, 1.59 folds and 1.67 folds in day 8, respectively.…”

Section: Cell Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of genipin crosslinked chitosan/gelatin three-dimensional scaffolds for liver tissue engineering applications

Zhang

Wang

Yan

et al. 2016

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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In liver tissue engineering, scaffolds with porous structure desgined to supply nutrient and oxygen exchange for three-dimensional (3-D) cells culture, and maintain liver functions. Meanwhile, genipin, as a natural crosslinker, is widely used to crosslink biomaterials in tissue engineering, with lower cytotoxicity and better biocompatibility. In present study, chitosan/gelatin 3-D scaffolds crosslinked by genipin, glutaraldehyde or 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodimide hydrochloride (EDC) were prepared and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biocompatibility of chitosan/gelatin scaffolds corsslinked with different crosslinkers was investigated by cell viability, morphology and liver specific functions. The result showed that the 1% and 2% genipin crosslinked chitosan/gelatin scaffolds possess ideal porosity. The genipin crosslinked 3-D scaffolds possessed the best biocompatibility than that of the others, and maintained liver specific functions when HepG2 cells seeded on scaffolds. The cellular morphology of HepG2 cells seeded on scaffolds showed that cells could penetrate into the scaffolds and proliferate significantly. Therefore, genipin crosslinked chitosan/gelatin scaffolds could be a promising biomaterial used in liver tissue engineering. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1863-1870, 2016.

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“…Following nerve injury there is a slow increase in the concentration of macrophages in the region of the nerve injury [325][326][327]. This increase persists up to 28 days and is accompanied by an up-regulation of inflammatory mediators, including oncomodulin.…”

Section: Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This increase persists up to 28 days and is accompanied by an up-regulation of inflammatory mediators, including oncomodulin. Intraganglionic cAMP injection also resulted in an increase in macrophages [327].…”

Section: Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be accomplished by the local delivery of either Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or Interleukin-4 (IL-4), within the tubes [329]. The neuron-macrophage interactions involved in eliciting a pro-regenerative phenotype in macrophages may be a novel target to induce long-lasting regenerative processes after axonal injuries in the CNS [327].…”

Section: Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promoting Axon Regeneration and Neurological Recovery Following Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries

Kuffler¹

2015

Int J Neurorehabilitation Eng

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Repairing Peripheral Nerves following Traumas Nerve crushWithin several days of crushing a peripheral nerve, the injured axons begin to regenerate through their distal pathway until they reach their original targets with which they restore neurological function. The larger the number of axons that regenerate through the distal nerve, the greater the extent of neurological recovery [1][2][3]. The number of axons that regenerate, and thus neurological recovery, is influenced by the physiological state of the distal denervated nerve pathway [4][5][6][7].Following a peripheral nerve crush, the injured axons begin to regenerate within 2 days of injury [8]. They may regenerate to their targets through their original pathway in association with and promoted by its Schwann cells, the neurotrophic factors they release, and the Schwann cell extracellular matrix [1,4,[9][10][11][12][13][14]. Thus, the distal nerve provides a simple means for promoting and directing the regenerating axons to their original targets [15][16][17][18]. However, when a nerve has a gap, the gap must be bridged with a material that is permissive to and promotes axon regeneration across the entire gap to reach the distal nerve stump, through which the axons must then be able to regenerate.The Schwann cells in the denervated distal nerve release neurotrophic factors that promote axon regeneration, but also release extracellular matrix components that promote and inhibit axon regeneration [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Thus, regeneration through the distal nerve is a balance of the influences of factors that both promote and inhibit regeneration. If the Schwann cells are present, such as after a simple nerve crush, virtually 100% of the axons regenerate and they innervate all the denervated synaptic sites. If the Schwann cells within the distal nerve pathway are killed, leaving only the extracellular matrix intact, the number of axons that regenerates to their targets decreases by 94%. This is because the factors required to trigger the regenerating axons to branch at extracellular matrix branch points are missing, axons do not branch, and therefore each axon reinnervates only a single denervated muscle fiber. Thus, Schwann cells along the distal nerve pathway and a AbstractFollowing a peripheral nerve crush, or when a peripheral the nerve is transected and the nerve stumps anastomosed, neurological recovery is generally excellent. This is because the axons merely have to regenerate through the distal portion of the nerve through the existing extracellular matrix of the denervated Schwann cells that direct and promote them to their distant denervated motor and sensory targets. However, when a length of a peripheral nerve is destroyed, and anastomosis is not possible, the standard surgical repair technique is to graft a length/s of autologous sensory nerve into the gap. Neurological recovery is generally good if the nerve gap is <2 cm in length, the repair is performed <4 months post trauma, and the patients are <25 years of age. Because the nerve ...

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Nerve conduits based on immobilization of nerve growth factor onto modified chitosan by using genipin as a crosslinking agent

Cited by 69 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve: An Animal Model Study

Effects of Chitosan-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Conduit on Transected Sciatic Nerve: An Animal Model Study

Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of genipin crosslinked chitosan/gelatin three-dimensional scaffolds for liver tissue engineering applications

Promoting Axon Regeneration and Neurological Recovery Following Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries

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