Nereid from space: rotation, size and shape analysis from K2,<i>Herschel</i>and<i>Spitzer</i>observations

Kiss, Cs.; Pál, András; Farkas-Takács, Anikó; Szabó, Gy. M.; Szabo, Robert M.; Kiss, L. L.; Molnár, L.; Sárneczky, K.; Müller, T.; Mommert, Michael; Stansberry, J.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stw081

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In principle, the reduction of K2 long cadence data corresponding to Jupiter Trojans follows similar steps to those used in earlier analyses of moving objects observed with K2 (Pál et al 2015;Kiss et al 2016). In order to correct for the positioning jitter of the spacecraft, we retrieved nearly a dozen additional stellar sources for each Trojan and included these in further processing (see e.g.…”

Section: Data Reduction and Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The heart of the swarm: K2 photometry and rotational characteristics of 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids

Szabó

Pál

Kiss

et al. 2017

A&A

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We present fully covered phased light curves for 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids as observed by the K2 mission of the Kepler space telescope. This set of objects has been monitored during Campaign 6 and represents a nearly unbiased subsample of the population of small solar system bodies. We derived precise periods and amplitudes for all Trojans, and found their distributions to be compatible with the previous statistics. We point out, however, that ground-based rotation periods are often unreliable above 20 h, and we find an overabundance of rotation periods above 60 h compared with other minor planet populations. From amplitude analysis we derive a rate of binarity of 20 ± 5%. Our spin rate distribution confirms the previously obtained spin barrier of ∼5 h and the corresponding ∼0.5 g cm −3 cometary-like density limit, also suggesting a high internal porosity for Jovian Trojans. One of our targets, asteroid 65227 exhibits a double rotation period, which can either be due to binarity or the outcome of a recent collision.

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Section: Data Reduction and Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The heart of the swarm: K2 photometry and rotational characteristics of 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids

Szabó

Pál

Kiss

et al. 2017

A&A

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“…The next big step in thermal observations of Centaurs and TNOs came with Herschel's large Open Time Key Project on "TNOs are Cool: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region with Herschel" (Müller et al 2009) which produced more than 20 publications. The Herschel data (partly also Spitzer data) allowed to interpret the thermal emission of almost 170 TNOs and Centaurs: Müller et al 2010;Lellouch et al 2010;Lim et al 2010;Barucci et al 2012;Mommert et al 2012;Pál et al 2012;Santos-Sanz et al 2012;Vilenius et al 2012;Fornasier et al 2013;Kiss et al 2013;Lellouch et al 2013;Duffard et al 2014;Lacerda et al 2014;Vilenius et al 2014;Marton et al 2015;Pál et al 2015;Kiss et al 2016;Lellouch et al 2016;Pál et al 2016;Kovalenko et al 2017;Santos-Sanz et al 2017;Kiss et al 2018;Müller et al 2018;Vilenius et al 2018. In parallel, the WISE project performed an all-sky survey at MIR wavelengths and detected the brightest Centaurs (Bauer et al 2013).…”

Section: Thermal Data For Tnos and Centaursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs at thermal wavelengths

Müller

Lellouch

Fornasier

2020

The Trans-Neptunian Solar System

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The thermal emission of transneptunian objects (TNO) and Centaurs has been observed at mid-and far-infrared wavelengths -with the biggest contributions coming from the Spitzer and Herschel space observatories-, and the brightest ones also at sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelengths. These measurements allowed to determine the sizes and albedos for almost 180 objects, and densities for about 25 multiple systems. The derived very low thermal inertias show evidence for a decrease at large heliocentric distances and for high-albedo objects, which indicates porous and low-conductivity surfaces. The radio emissivity was found to be low ( r =0.70±0.13) with possible spectral variations in a few cases. The general increase of density with object size points to different formation locations or times. The mean albedos increase from about 5-6% (Centaurs, Scattered-Disk Objects) to 15% for the Detached objects, with distinct cumulative albedo distributions for hot and cold classicals. The color-albedo separation in our sample is evidence for a compositional discontinuity in the young Solar System. The median albedo of the sample (excluding dwarf planets and the Haumea family) is 0.08, the albedo of Haumea family members is close to 0.5, best explained by the presence of water ice. The existing thermal measurements remain a treasure trove at times where the far-infrared regime is observationally not accessible. Radiometric techniques 3.1 Models to interpret thermal measurementsRadiometry is a powerful technique to derive size, albedo, and thermal properties from thermal infrared measurements. The technique consists in the exploitation and interpretation of thermal data (see Section 2) in combination with data in the visible. The visible data are mainly obtained from the ground and include the object's absolute magnitude and estimates for the phase integral q. The most accurate radiometric properties are determined when objects are observed close to their thermal emission peaks, preferentially shortwards and longwards of the peak. For Centaurs and TNOs these peaks are located in the FIR regime between ≈50 and 100 µm (accessible from space only).There are different thermal models to obtain size and albedo of atmosphereless small bodies: simple models like the Standard Thermal Model (STM), the Fast Rotating Thermal Model (FRM), or the near-Earth asteroid thermal model (NEATM) or more complex thermophysical models (TPM) are used (see Delbo' et al. 2015 for a detailed discussion). For Centaurs and TNOs, mostly the NEATM are applied. In cases where the object is lacking shape or spin properties, the NEATM is often used. The beaming factor η is then either fitted to multi-band thermal measurements or a default value is applied. The STM/NEATM concepts can also handle elongated shapes (Brown 1985;Lellouch et al. 2017;Vilenius et al. 2018), but have severe limitations when thermal measurements cover different aspect angles 14 .In cases where the rotation period is known, the TPM concepts have the advantage that in addition to the stan...

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“…Europa, Io, Ganymede, Callisto, Nereid and Triton are marked with their initials. References: Buratti & Veverka (1983), Cruikshank & Brown (1982), , Grav et al (2003Grav et al ( , 2004Grav et al ( , 2015, Hicks & Buratti (2004), Karkoschka (2001), Kiss et al (2016), Lellouch et al (2013), Millis & Thompson (1975), Morrison et al (2009), Rettig et al (2001, Showalter (2006), Simonelli & Veverka (1984), Smith (1989). able both seem to fall into the bright-red group, along with some regular Uranian satellites (Puck, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon). Currently no other irregular satellites in other giant planet system can be assigned to this albedo-color group.…”

Section: The Albedo-colour Diversity Of Irregular Satellitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the Irregular Satellite System around Uranus Inferred from K2, Herschel, and Spitzer Observations

Farkas-Takács

Kiss

Pál

et al. 2017

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In this paper we present visible range light curves of the irregular Uranian satellites Sycorax, Caliban, Prospero, Ferdinand and Setebos taken with Kepler Space Telescope in the course of the K2 mission. Thermal emission measurements obtained with the Herschel/PACS and Spitzer/MIPS instruments of Sycorax and Caliban were also analysed and used to determine size, albedo and surface characteristics of these bodies. We compare these properties with the rotational and surface characteristics of irregular satellites in other giant planet systems and also with those of main belt and Trojan asteroids and trans-Neptunian objects. Our results indicate that the Uranian irregular satellite system likely went through a more intense collisional evolution than the irregular satellites of Jupiter and Saturn. Surface characteristics of Uranian irregular satellites seems to resemble the Centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects more than irregular satellites around other giant planets, suggesting the existence of a compositional discontinuity in the young Solar system inside the orbit of Uranus.

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Nereid from space: rotation, size and shape analysis from K2,HerschelandSpitzerobservations

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

The heart of the swarm: K2 photometry and rotational characteristics of 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids

The heart of the swarm: K2 photometry and rotational characteristics of 56 Jovian Trojan asteroids

Trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs at thermal wavelengths

Properties of the Irregular Satellite System around Uranus Inferred from K2, Herschel, and Spitzer Observations

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