Nephrotropic Properties Demonstrated by A/Chicken/Alabama/75 (H4N8) Following Intravenous Challenge of Chickens

Rd, Slemons; Swayne, David E.

doi:10.2307/1591551

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Avian influenza H5 viruses, including H5N2 and H5N3, can cause severe outbreaks of disease in poultry (35), and the virulence of avian influenza viruses toward poultry in vivo does not depend on the HA0 cleavage site, although the extent of mortality does (1,19,23,35,41,43,46,47). Our present results in primary cultured CEF might correspond to the pathogenesis of avian influenza virus in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The specificity of the HA receptor is thought to be one factor associated with the pathogenesis of H5N1 in humans; however, the pathogenesis after the virus has entered the cells is still unclear. Although avian influenza viruses are all potentially virulent in poultry (1,19,23,35,41,43,46,47), currently circulating H5N1 is highly virulent in humans, as well as in birds (5,59,63), suggesting that it can induce cell damage in mammalian airway organs. To elucidate why H5N1 influenza virus infection leads to DAD in human lungs, it is essential to clarify the difference(s) between recently emerged H5N1 viruses and previously circulating avian influenza viruses with respect to viral replication and processes leading to cell death at the molecular level.…”

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confidence: 99%

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H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Mammalian Airway Epithelial Cells

Daidoji¹,

Koma

et al. 2008

J Virol

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In recent years, the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 has raised serious worldwide concern about an influenza pandemic; however, the biology of H5N1 pathogenesis is largely unknown. To elucidate the mechanism of H5N1 pathogenesis, we prepared primary airway epithelial cells from alveolar tissues from 1-year-old pigs and measured the growth kinetics of three avian H5 influenza viruses ( These results suggest that only H5N1 induces apoptosis in pAEpC. H5N1 cytopathicity was inhibited by adding the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK; however, there were no significant differences in viral growth or release of progeny viruses. Further investigations using reverse genetics demonstrated that H5N1 hemagglutinin protein plays a critical role in inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in infected pAEpC. H5N1-specific cytopathicity was also observed in human primary airway epithelial cells. Taken together, these data suggest that avian H5N1 influenza virus leads to substantial cell death in mammalian airway epithelial cells due to the induction of apoptosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Mammalian Airway Epithelial Cells

Daidoji¹,

Koma

et al. 2008

J Virol

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“…We recovered the viral RNA from all of the kidney samples (100%) on day 9 PI. These data indicate that H 9 N 2 has nephrotropic properties as indicated by Slemons and Swayne, 1995a,b; Slemons and Swayne, 1992a,b; Shalaby et al, 1994; Swayne and Slemons, 1994; Swayne and Slemons, 1990. Presumably, virus presentation in the kidneys had resulted from a localized infection of the respiratory tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Molecular quantitation of H9N2 avian influenza virus in various organs of broiler chickens using TaqMan real time PCR

Mosleh¹,

Dadras²,

Mohammadi³

2009

J Mol Genet Med

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During the past decade, H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAI) has caused considerable economic loss due to decreased production, increased mortality and the cost of vaccination in Iranian poultry industry. Because of widespread occurrence of this disease and the virus potential to mutate to highly-pathogenic (HP) form and transmission to humans, it is, therefore, imperative to understand the pathogenesis and properties of these viruses. In this study, a two step TaqMan real time PCR assay was performed for the quantitation of A/chicken/Iran/772/1998(H9N2) virus in various organs of broiler chickens at different days post inoculation (DPI). Forty 5-week-old commercial broiler chickens were inoculated with the virus. Five chickens were randomly selected on days 1, 3, 6 and 9 PI. Their trachea, lungs, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, blood and faeces were collected for virus detection. A PCR test was performed and the positive samples were used for quantitative real time PCR assay. The result of RT-PCR assay showed the presence of the virus in trachea (40%, 33%), lungs (20%, 66.6%) and spleen (20%, 50%) of infected chickens on days 3 and 6 PI, respectively. The virus was also detected in the kidneys of inoculated chickens on 3 (40%), 6 (60%) and 9 (100%) DPI. In faecal samples the virus was only detected on day 6 PI (83.3%). The molecular quantitation of AIV showed that the AIV titre in the trachea, lungs and spleen of chickens at 3 DPI is lower than the AIV titre at 6 DPI in these organs. The highest titre was observed in the faeces. The AIV titre in all organs of the birds which died at 6 DPI was higher than those of the same organs in the other experimental birds.

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“…Myeloid tissue damage might also occur in chickens infected with HPAI virus, considering that AI virus has been isolated from the bone marrow (Slemons and Swayne, 1992;Barnes, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, haematological studies in AI have not yet been published and information available in this regard refers only to equine influenza (Allen and Frank, 1982;Kastner et al, 1999;Krumrych et al, 1999), while histological studies on AI virus infection are numerous (Slemons and Swayne, 1992;Kobayashi et al, 1996;Suarez et al, 1998;Capua et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological and histological findings in birds experimentally infected with highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus

Ramı́rez

Fehérvári²,

Paasch³

et al. 2005

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) Leghorn chickens with a highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus produced cellular hyperplasia in the bone marrow at 36 hours post infection (hpi) and haematological evidence of monocytosis, thrombocytopenia and heterophilia was also detected. An early, significant and progressive haematological change was thrombocytopenia starting at 24 hpi without an increase of prothrombin time. The findings suggest that highly pathogenic avian influenza virus interferes only with the primary haemostatic mechanisms by consumption of thrombocytes, while the secondary haemostatic mechanisms remain intact.

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Nephrotropic Properties Demonstrated by A/Chicken/Alabama/75 (H4N8) Following Intravenous Challenge of Chickens

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Mammalian Airway Epithelial Cells

H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Mammalian Airway Epithelial Cells

Molecular quantitation of H9N2 avian influenza virus in various organs of broiler chickens using TaqMan real time PCR

Haematological and histological findings in birds experimentally infected with highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus

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