Nephrotic Syndrome and a Retroperitoneal Mass: A Case Report of a Patient with Recurrent Invasive Thymoma

Myoga, Hiroaki; Akimoto, Tetsu; Mato, Naoko; Nakaya, Takakiyo; Murakami, Takuya; Yoshizawa, Hiromichi; Nakagawa, Setsuko; Miki, Atsushi; Masuda, Tomoyuki; Kobayashi, Takahisa; Ono, Yuko; Saito, Osamu; Ueda, Yoshihiko; Muto, Shigeaki; Nagata, Daisuke

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.9224-17

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Both, non-proliferative and proliferative glomerulopathies were associated with systemic autoimmune features in thymomas, namely minimal change disease, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as well as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and crescentic glomerulonephritis (rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis) as outlined in a former review by Bacchetta et al (90) and in recent case reports (91)(92)(93)(94)(95). Pronounced in the nonproliferative glomerulopathies, nephrotic syndrome is frequently encountered as complication which itself bears the risk of secondary thrombosis or infections due to renal protein loss.…”

Section: Glomerulopathiesmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Pronounced in the nonproliferative glomerulopathies, nephrotic syndrome is frequently encountered as complication which itself bears the risk of secondary thrombosis or infections due to renal protein loss. Responses to immunosuppressive agents in combination with thymoma-specific treatments were described as quite favourable (90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95). The underlying pathophysiologies are still inadequately understood but seem to involve different mechanisms of AID as well as PNS eliciting the distinct glomerulopathy variants (96).…”

Section: Glomerulopathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoimmune disorders and paraneoplastic syndromes in thymoma

Blum¹,

Misch²,

Kollmeier³

et al. 2020

J Thorac Dis

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Thymomas are counted among the rare tumour entities which are associated with autoimmune disorders (AIDs) and paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) far more often than other malignancies. Through its complex immunological function in the context of the selection and maturation of T cells, the thymus is at the same time highly susceptible to disruptive factors caused by the development and growth of thymic tumours. These T cells, which are thought to develop to competent immune cells in the thymus, can instead adopt autoreactive behaviour due to the uncontrolled interplay of thymomas and become the trigger for AID or PNS affecting numerous organs and tissues within the human body. While myasthenia gravis is the most prevalent PNS in thymoma, numerous others have been described, be they related to neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, haematological, dermatological, endocrine or systemic disorders. This review article sheds light on the pathophysiology, epidemiology, specific clinical features and therapeutic options of the various forms as well as courses and outcomes of AID/PNS in association with thymomas.Whenever suitable and backed by the limited available evidence, the perspectives from both the thymoma and the affected organ/tissue will be highlighted. Specific issues addressed are the prognostic significance of thymectomy on myasthenia gravis and other thymoma-associated AID/PND and further the impact and safety of immunotherapies on AID and PND relating to thymomas.

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Section: Glomerulopathiesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Glomerulopathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune disorders and paraneoplastic syndromes in thymoma

Blum¹,

Misch²,

Kollmeier³

et al. 2020

J Thorac Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A systematic review of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with thymoma: Treatment modalities, recurrence, and outcomes in resected cases

Zhao

Bhatnagar

Ding

et al. 2020

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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Application of a combined radiomics nomogram based on CE-CT in the preoperative prediction of thymomas risk categorization

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish a combined radiomics nomogram to preoperatively predict the risk categorization of thymomas by using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) images.Materials and MethodsThe clinical, pathological, and CT data of 110 patients with thymoma (50 patients with low-risk thymomas and 60 patients with high-risk thymomas) collected in our Hospital from July 2017 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The study subjects were randomly divided into the training set (n = 77) and validation set (n = 33) in a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features were extracted from the CT images, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was performed to select 13 representative features. Five models, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) were constructed to predict thymoma risks based on these features. A combined radiomics nomogram was further established based on the clinical factors and radiomics scores. The performance of the models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, DeLong tests, and decision curve analysis.ResultsMaximum tumor diameter and boundary were selected to build the clinical factors model. Thirteen features were acquired by LASSO algorithm screening as the optimal features for machine learning model construction. The LR model exhibited the highest AUC value (0.819) among the five machine learning models in the validation set. Furthermore, the radiomics nomogram combining the selected clinical variables and radiomics signature predicted the categorization of thymomas at different risks more effectively (the training set, AUC = 0.923; the validation set, AUC = 0.870). Finally, the calibration curve and DCA were utilized to confirm the clinical value of this combined radiomics nomogram.ConclusionWe demonstrated the clinical diagnostic value of machine learning models based on CT semantic features and the selected clinical variables, providing a non-invasive, appropriate, and accurate method for preoperative prediction of thymomas risk categorization.

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Nephrotic Syndrome and a Retroperitoneal Mass: A Case Report of a Patient with Recurrent Invasive Thymoma

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Autoimmune disorders and paraneoplastic syndromes in thymoma

Autoimmune disorders and paraneoplastic syndromes in thymoma

A systematic review of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with thymoma: Treatment modalities, recurrence, and outcomes in resected cases

Application of a combined radiomics nomogram based on CE-CT in the preoperative prediction of thymomas risk categorization

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