Neovascularization and free microsurgical transfer of in vitro cartilage‐engineered constructs

Hoehnke, Christoph; Hien, Pham Thu; Mandlik, Veronika; Feucht, A.; Staudenmaier, R.

doi:10.1002/micr.20565

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In accordance with the study of Hoang et al (2009), live/dead staining showed that chondrocytes were homogenously distributed and remained vital within the in vitro constructs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Preliminary unpublished data showed higher thrombosis rates in the ligature model compared to the flow-through model. Cronin et al (2004) described a 25 % thrombosis rate in the ligated pedicle configuration compared to the flow-through model, while Hoang et al 2009) favored the arteriovenous loop model. For clinical use, the vessel bundle seems more useful as a vascular carrier, since the arteriovenous bundle is easier to construct operatively and does not present problems with thrombus formation as seen with the arteriovenous loop (Tanaka et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Staudenmaier et al (2004) and Hoang et al (2005b) demonstrated in a rabbit model that flaps could be well vascularized by an arteriovenous vessel loop. Hoang et al (2009) even simulated a free microsurgical transfer of the prefabricated, prelaminated flaps. Nude mouse models are widespread for answering questions about tissue engineering by subcutaneously implanting the constructs without generating direct access to blood vessels (Eyrich et al 2007;Baek and Ko 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Vascularization of engineered cartilage constructs in a mouse model

et al. 2014

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Tissue engineering of cartilage tissue offers a promising method for reconstructing ear, nose, larynx and trachea defects. However, a lack of sufficient nutrient supply to cartilage constructs limits this procedure. Only a few animal models exist to vascularize the seeded scaffolds. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based polyurethane scaffolds are seeded with 1 × 10(6) human cartilage cells and implanted in the right hind leg of a nude mouse using an arteriovenous flow-through vessel loop for angiogenesis for the first 3 weeks. Equally seeded scaffolds but without access to a vessel loop served as controls. After 3 weeks, a transposition of the vascularized scaffolds into the groin of the nude mouse was performed. Constructs (verum and controls) were explanted 1 and 6 weeks after transposition. Constructs with implanted vessels were well vascularized. The amount of cells increased in vascularized constructs compared to the controls but at the same time noticeably less extracellular matrix was produced. This mouse model provides critical answers to important questions concerning the vascularization of engineered tissue, which offers a viable option for repairing defects, especially when the desired amount of autologous cartilage or other tissues is not available and the nutritive situation at the implantation site is poor.

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“…In accordance with the study of Hoang et al (2009), live/dead staining showed that chondrocytes were homogenously distributed and remained vital within the in vitro constructs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Vascularization of engineered cartilage constructs in a mouse model

et al. 2014

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“…Our previous experimental studies in chinchilla-bastard rabbits have revealed the reliable ability of neovacularization and free microsurgical transplantation of small engineered cartilage constructs using prefabricated flaps [6]. The present study was designed to investigate the ability of combining flap prefabrication and large engineered constructs with free microsurgical transplantation to improve cell survival especially in the center of the engineered cartilage constructs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prefabrication of 3D Cartilage Contructs: Towards a Tissue Engineered Auricle – A Model Tested in Rabbits

et al. 2013

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The reconstruction of an auricle for congenital deformity or following trauma remains one of the greatest challenges in reconstructive surgery. Tissue-engineered (TE) three-dimensional (3D) cartilage constructs have proven to be a promising option, but problems remain with regard to cell vitality in large cell constructs. The supply of nutrients and oxygen is limited because cultured cartilage is not vascular integrated due to missing perichondrium. The consequence is necrosis and thus a loss of form stability. The micro-surgical implantation of an arteriovenous loop represents a reliable technology for neovascularization, and thus vascular integration, of three-dimensional (3D) cultivated cell constructs. Auricular cartilage biopsies were obtained from 15 rabbits and seeded in 3D scaffolds made from polycaprolactone-based polyurethane in the shape and size of a human auricle. These cartilage cell constructs were implanted subcutaneously into a skin flap (15×8 cm) and neovascularized by means of vascular loops implanted micro-surgically. They were then totally enhanced as 3D tissue and freely re-implanted in-situ through microsurgery. Neovascularization in the prefabricated flap and cultured cartilage construct was analyzed by microangiography. After explantation, the specimens were examined by histological and immunohistochemical methods. Cultivated 3D cartilage cell constructs with implanted vascular pedicle promoted the formation of engineered cartilaginous tissue within the scaffold in vivo. The auricles contained cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as GAGs and collagen even in the center oft the constructs. In contrast, in cultivated 3D cartilage cell constructs without vascular pedicle, ECM distribution was only detectable on the surface compared to constructs with vascular pedicle. We demonstrated, that the 3D flaps could be freely transplanted. On a microangiographic level it was evident that all the skin flaps and the implanted cultivated constructs were well neovascularized. The presented method is suggested as a promising alternative towards clinical application of engineered cartilaginous tissue for plastic and reconstructive surgery.

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“…Our previous and recent experimental studies have led to good results in the tissue engineering of cartilage with the prefabrication of 3D cartilage constructs (polycaprolactone-based polyurethane scaffolds) (Figure 15) leading towards a tissue-engineered auricle [44, 48]. In an autologous rabbit model, cartilage cell constructs were neovascularised by means of vascular loops implanted microsurgically and placed subcutaneously into a skin flap.…”

Section: Tissue Engineering Of Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Total Reconstruction of the Auricle: Our Experiences on Indications and Recent Techniques

Storck

Staudenmaier

Buchberger

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Introduction. Auricular reconstruction is a great challenge in facial plastic surgery. With the advances in surgical techniques and biotechnology, different options are available for consideration. The aim of this paper is to review the knowledge about the various techniques for total auricular reconstruction based on the literature and our experience. Methods. Approximately 179 articles published from 1980 to 2013 were identified, and 59 articles were included. We have focused on the current status of total auricular reconstruction based on our personal experience and on papers of particular interest, published within the period of review. We have also included a prospective view on the tissue engineering of cartilage. Results. Most surgeons still practice total auricular reconstruction by employing techniques developed by Brent, Nagata, and Firmin with autologous rib cartilage. Within the last years, alloplastic frameworks for reconstruction have become well established. Choosing the reconstruction techniques depends mainly on the surgeon's preference and experience. Prosthetic reconstruction is still reserved for special conditions, even though the material is constantly improving. Tissue engineering has a growing potential for clinical applicability. Conclusion. Auricular reconstruction still receives attention of plastic/maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists. Even though clinical applicability lags behind initial expectations, the development of tissue-engineered constructs continues its potential development.

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Neovascularization and free microsurgical transfer of in vitro cartilage‐engineered constructs

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Vascularization of engineered cartilage constructs in a mouse model

Vascularization of engineered cartilage constructs in a mouse model

Prefabrication of 3D Cartilage Contructs: Towards a Tissue Engineered Auricle – A Model Tested in Rabbits

Total Reconstruction of the Auricle: Our Experiences on Indications and Recent Techniques

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