Neotethys seawater chemistry and temperature at the dawn of the end Permian mass extinction

Garbelli, Claudio; Angiolini, Lucia; Brand, Uwe; Shen, Shu-zhong; Jadoul, Flavio; Posenato, Renato; Azmy, Karem; Cao, Changqun

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.05.012

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The negative carbon isotope excursion (nCIE)in marine carbonates has been long recognized as an important marker of the end Permian (PT) event at Meishan, China and global localities, and it may vary by as much as 6.5‰ ( Fig. 1; e.g., Jin et al, 2000;Retallack and Krull, 2006;Brand et al, 2012;Garbelli et al, 2015). However, its origin, source and duration remain problematic (Berner, 2002), and consequently, a definitive causeand mechanism for the nCIE and PT event still eludes us.…”

Section: Carbon Isotope Excursion (Cie)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digital pile-up rejection for plutonium experiments with solution-grown stilbene

Bourne

Clarke

Paff

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The cause for the end Permian mass extinction, the greatestchallenge life on Earth faced in its geologic history, is still hotly debated by scientists. The most significant marker of this event is the negative δ 13 C shift and rebound recorded in marine carbonates with a duration ranging from 2000 to 19000 years depending on localities and sedimentation rates. Leading causesfor the event are Siberian trap volcanism and the emission of greenhouse gases with consequent global warming.Measurements of gasesvaulted in

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Section: Carbon Isotope Excursion (Cie)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some suggest that methane from a variety of sources may have played a supporting role (Berner, 2002;Retallack and Jahren, 2008;Brand et al, 2012), while oceanic anoxia was a minor and/or local player (e.g., Brand et al, 2012;Garbelli et al, 2015), andacidification only played a role during the Early Triassic (e.g., Clarkson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital pile-up rejection for plutonium experiments with solution-grown stilbene

Bourne

Clarke

Paff

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…But nearly all analyses carried out thus far, including those in the past few years, have used first-generation methods [48][49][50][51]. Why have first-generation methods persisted?…”

Section: Going Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating times of extinction in the fossil record

Wang

Marshall

2016

Biol. Lett.

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Because the fossil record is incomplete, the last fossil of a taxon is a biased estimate of its true time of extinction. Numerous methods have been developed in the palaeontology literature for estimating the true time of extinction using ages of fossil specimens. These methods, which typically give a confidence interval for estimating the true time of extinction, differ in the assumptions they make and the nature and amount of data they require. We review the literature on such methods and make some recommendations for future directions.

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“…Stable carbon and oxygen isotope composition (δ 13 C and δ 18 O values) in biogenic calcites is powerful tools for paleoenvironmental analysis. These isotopic signatures preserved in brachiopod shells provide reliable proxies for seawater temperature and global carbon cycles during the Phanerozoic, and especially in the Paleozoic (Brand & Bruckschen, , ; Brand, Jiang, Azmy, Bishop, & Montañez , ; Bruckschen, Oesmann, & Veizer, ; Garbelli et al, ; Grossman, Mii, Zhang, & Yancey, ; Grossman et al, ; Korte, Jasper, Kozur, & Veizer, ; Mii, Shi, Cheng, & Chen, ; Mii, Shi, & Wang, ; Qing & Veizer, ; Shields et al, ; Veizer, Fritz, & Jones, ; Veizer et al, ). In the synthesized Phanerozoic δ 13 C and δ 18 O profile of Veizer et al (), approximately 70 % of the accepted isotopic data were derived from brachiopods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear relationship between preservation of microstructure and geochemical composition of Pleistocene brachiopod shells from the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan

et al. 2017

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Stable carbon and oxygen isotope composition of fossilized brachiopod shells serves as an important source to delineate Earth's paleoenvironmental evolution in the Phanerozoic. However, the original isotopic composition is potentially modified by various kinds of diagenesis. To evaluate the extent to which the original isotopic composition of fossilized brachiopod shells is modified by meteoric diagenesis, microstructure, cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and carbon and oxygen isotope composition of fossilized Kikaithyris hanzawai (rhynchonellate brachiopod) shells were examined. The shells were collected from Pleistocene shallow marine carbonates exposed on the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. The extent of diagenetic alteration is quantitatively evaluated here as both the preservation state of the original shell microstructure and the luminescence/non‐luminescence of shells. Although altered fibers were commonly observed in the brachiopod shells, the original isotopic composition was almost retained. There are no significant differences in the isotopic composition between the luminescent and non‐luminescent shells. There is no direct relationship between the preservation state of the original shell microstructure and the luminescence/non‐luminescence of shells at three of four horizons, indicating that CL images are not necessarily useful for the detection of diagenetic alteration of shells or shell portions. Applying multiple criteria to assessing diagenetic alteration and cross‐checking them are required to distinguish between diagenetically altered and unaltered brachiopod shells.

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Neotethys seawater chemistry and temperature at the dawn of the end Permian mass extinction

Cited by 37 publications

References 80 publications

Digital pile-up rejection for plutonium experiments with solution-grown stilbene

Digital pile-up rejection for plutonium experiments with solution-grown stilbene

Estimating times of extinction in the fossil record

Nonlinear relationship between preservation of microstructure and geochemical composition of Pleistocene brachiopod shells from the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan

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