Neospora caninum: Relación Biológica con Toxoplasma gondii y su Potencial como Zoonosis

Abstract

Objective. To carry out a systematic review of the literature on the zoonotic potential of Neospora caninum taking into account its biological relationship with Toxoplasma gondii. Materials and methods. A systematic review was carried out, using two databases for the collection of information (Science direct and Scielo), a search engine (Google Scholar) and the National University of Colombia Repository, all documents were organized through the bibliographic manager Mendeley for proper review. Key words like Neosporosis, Neospora caninum, "Toxoplasmosis", "Toxoplasma gondii", "Neospora humans", "Neospora human infection", "Neospora zoonotic" were used. A total of 8 articles were selected that look for the infection in humans. Results. Eight documents concerning the subject of Neospora in humans were used, whereas these reports show evidence of seropositivity in human samples of anti-N. caninum no studies were found that look for the isolation of the parasite in human tissues (by molecular or in vitro culture). Conclusions. According to the results of these studies, it is not ruled out that the existence of cross-reactions with T. gondii and therefore it should not be ruled out that Neosporosis can behave as a zoonosis. In this regard, more research is required to demonstrate exposure, associated clinical signs, or pathologies related to this infection.Keywords: Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Serology, Zoonoses, Public Health (Source: MeSH). RESUMENObjetivo. Realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el potencial zoonótico de Neospora caninum teniendo en cuenta su relación biológica con Toxoplasma gondii. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática, utilizando dos bases de datos para la recopilación de la información (Science direct y Scielo), un buscador (Google Scholar) y el Repositorio de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, todos los documentos fueron organizados por medio del gestor bibliográfico Mendeley para su correcta revisión. Se emplearon palabras claves como "Neosporosis", "Neospora caninum", "Toxoplasmosis", "Toxoplasma gondii", "Neospora humans", "Neospora human infection", "Neospora zoonotic". Se encontraron ocho documentos que cumplían el criterio de evaluar la infección en humanos. Resultado. Se utilizaron 8 documentos concernientes al tema de Neospora en humanos, donde se evidencia en algunos de estos reportes seropositividad en muestras de humanos, empleando diferentes técnicas serológicas para la detección de anticuerpos anti-N. caninum y anti-T. gondii, pero INTRODUCCIÓNNeospora caninum es un protozoario apicomplexo, identificado originalmente en tejidos de perros con parálisis, y reconocido por primera vez en 1984 (1-3), como una importante causa de enfermedad neurológica en perros en el mundo (4). Neosporosis es una de las enfermedades que causan aborto en vacas, ovejas, cabras, búfalos y camellos; con especial importancia en bovinos a nivel mundial dado el impacto económico importante en producciones de leche y carne(5).N. caninum tiene un amplio ...

Atmospheric‐pressure scanning microprobe matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of Neospora caninum‐infected cell monolayers

“…Vaccines against N. caninum are rare and inefficient in preventing abortion in cattle 22 . Since clinically manifested neosporosis has also been reported in two rhesus monkeys, 23 concerns are rising that N. caninum might eventually become a threat to humans 24 . Moreover, there are reports on the presence of IgG anti‐ N. caninum antibodies in pregnant women 25 and in human immunodeficiency virus carriers 26 .…”

“… 22 Since clinically manifested neosporosis has also been reported in two rhesus monkeys, 23 concerns are rising that N. caninum might eventually become a threat to humans. 24 Moreover, there are reports on the presence of IgG anti‐ N. caninum antibodies in pregnant women 25 and in human immunodeficiency virus carriers. 26 Therefore, this parasite and the disease should be thoroughly investigated.…”