Neospora Caninum–like Oocysts Observed in Feces of Free-Ranging Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) and Coyotes (Canis Latrans)

Wapenaar, Wendela; Jenkins, Mark C.; O’Handley, Ryan; Barkema, Herman W.

doi:10.1645/ge-913r.1

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Whether gray foxes are also definitive hosts of N. caninum remains to be determined. Although one experimental study indicates that the red fox is not a definitive host for N. caninum (398), there is an ongoing discussion as to whether red foxes or wolves could be important as sources of postnatal infections with N. caninum, and N. caninum-like oocysts in the feces of naturally infected foxes from Canada were reported (471). Recently, it was hypothesized that wolves, because of their close phylogenetic relationship to dogs, may be another potential definitive host of N. caninum (188).…”

Section: Infection Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

2007

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SUMMARY Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.

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Section: Infection Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

2007

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“…Studies have demonstrated that coyotes (Canis latrans) (GONDIM et al, 2004), dingoes (Canis lupus dingo) (KING et al, 2010), and gray wolves (Canis lupus) (DUBEY et al, 2011) are also definitive hosts of this protozoan. It is believed that red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are also hosts, as N. caninum oocysts have been reported in their feces (WAPENAAR et al, 2006). The seroprevalence of N. caninum in rural areas has been reported to range from 2.8% in beef cattle in New Zealand (TENNENT-BROWN et al, 2000) to 76.9% in dairy cattle in Colombia (CEDEÑO & BENAVIDES, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-based identification of Neospora caninum in the umbilical cord of a newborn calf in Brazil

Filho

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Cienc. Rural

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This study was conducted at a beef cattle breeding farm in the far southern region of Brazil. The birth of a calf with unilateral corneal opacity was immediately reported to the Laboratory of Parasitology, in the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; blood was collected from the cow and calf before colostrum intake. The umbilical cords from this calf and from six other healthy animals were collected. Serological examination, utilizing an indirect fluorescent antibody test, was done using a cut-off point of 1:100. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also performed using the umbilical cord samples. Serological tests showed that the calf was positive for Neospora caninum at birth, with a titer of 1:1600; a titer of 1:3200 was reported in the dam. PCR, using umbilical cord tissue from the affected animal, was positive for the presence of this parasite, and the molecular identity of the amplified product was confirmed by sequencing. Therefore, the detection of N. caninum DNA in the umbilical cord represents a novel alternative test for the diagnosis of this parasitic infection in newborn calves that are clinically suspected to have neosporosis.

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“…Neospora caninum has been associated to abortions and central nervous system disorders in several mammalian species and dogs have been reported as their main definitive hosts (McALLISTER et al, 1998;DUBEY, 2003;DUBEY et al, 2007). Dogs, coyotes, fox and wild dogs are known definitive hosts (McALLISTER et al, 1998;LINDSAY et al, 1999;BASSO et al, 2001;WAPENAAR et al, 2006;KING et al, 2010). Horses can serve as an intermediate host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from urban areas of Curitiba, Southern Brazil

Villalobos

Furman

Lara

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which affects dogs as definitive hosts and several mammalian species as intermediate hosts mainly causing abortions and central nervous system disorders. The reemerging population of cart horses for carrying recycling material in urban areas of major cities in Brazil may have an impact on disease spreading, and these animals may be used as sentinels for environmental surveillance. Thus, the present study investigated the frequency of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from Curitiba and surrounding areas, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. IgG antibodies against Neospora sp. were detected using indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), and titers equal to or higher than 1:50 were considered reactive. Of all samples, 14/97 (14.4%) were positive: 2/29 (6.9%) were younger than 5; 5/26 (19.2%) between 6 and 9; and 6/31 (19.4%) older than 10 years of age. One of the 11 animals with unknown age was positive (9.1%). Cart horses are likely to be more exposed to dog feces and to Neospora sp. oocyst contamination in urban settings and a lower frequency of disease in dogs may have a negative impact on horse infection risk in these areas.

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Neospora Caninum–like Oocysts Observed in Feces of Free-Ranging Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) and Coyotes (Canis Latrans)

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

PCR-based identification of Neospora caninum in the umbilical cord of a newborn calf in Brazil

Detection of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from urban areas of Curitiba, Southern Brazil

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