NEOPLASIAS VISCERAIS E Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 EM TARTARUGAS VERDES COM FIBROPAPILOMATOSE

Abstract

A fibropapilomatose (FP) é uma doença multifatorial, neoplásica e infecciosa que afeta todas as espécies de tartarugas marinhas, e o Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5(ChHV5) tem sido apontado como o agente etiológico primário. Essa doença é caracterizada por tumores cutâneos, mas fibromas viscerais, mixofibromas e fibrossarcomas também têm sido relatados e podem interferir nas funções sistêmicas. Apesar de descrições anteriores de neoplasias viscerais em tartarugas marinhas do Havaí e Flórida, algumas infectadas pelo ChHV5, há poucos relatos de tumores não cutâneos em tartarugas marinhas no Brasil. Para preencher essa lacuna, analisamos amostras de neoplasias internas de quatro tartarugas verdes (Chelonia mydas) através de técnicas histopatológicas e moleculares. Neoplasias cutâneas foram quantificadas e classificadas de acordo com seus tamanhos e escores para determinar a severidade da FP, e a presença de tumores internos foi confirmada postmortem durante necropsia. Quarenta e oito tumores cutâneos (7-23 por indivíduo) foram encontrados nas tartarugas verdes amostradas, e a severidade da FP foi classificada como leve (2 indivíduos) e moderada (2 indivíduos). Neoplasias viscerais foram encontradas em pulmão (n=4), coração (n=1), intestino (n=2), esôfago (n=1), estômago (n=1), fígado (n=1), baço (n=1), músculo esquelético (n=1) e rim (n=2), sendo classificadas como fibromas e uma como mixofibroma renal. Não detectamos DNA do ChHV5 nos fibromas esofágico, muscular esquelético e hepático. Nossa pesquisa relata nova descrição de mixofibroma renal e detecção do ChHV5 em neoplasias viscerais de tartarugas verdes no Brasil, melhorando o conhecimento sobre prevalência, localização anatômica e severidade dos tumores internos associados à FP.

Fibropapillomatosis Associated with Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) in a Green Turtle Chelonia mydas in Argentine Waters

“…The macroscopic and microscopic findings were similar to those previously described for green turtle fibropapillomas, and the cranial distribution was similar to that previously recorded on turtles in Brazil (Rodenbusch et al 2012; de Deus Santos et al 2015; Rossi et al 2021; Silva-Júnior et al 2021).…”

“…A linear, double-stranded DNA herpesvirus, Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5), has been associated with this disease (Ene et al 2005; Rodenbusch et al 2012). Tumors can be found in the eyes, neck, mouth, flippers, tail, carapace, plastron, or internal organs, and their location may affect the vision, locomotion, feeding, and internal organ function of the turtle (de Deus Santos et al 2015; Jones et al 2016; Rossi et al 2021). The highest prevalences of fibropapillomatosis are generally recorded in nearshore neritic (shallow) areas that tend to suffer greater anthropogenic disturbance, suggesting that disease development also depends on environmental cofactors such as biotoxin-producing algae, chemical carcinogens, and agricultural runoff, among others (Aguirre et al 2002).…”

Fibropapillamatosis: A Review of the Disease with Attention to the Situation Northern Coast of Brazil

“…FP is characterized by single or multiple tumors (Figure 1) that develop in various regions of the body, especially at the base of the fins and tail and on the neck, head and eyes; they may also occur on internal organs such as the lungs, liver, kidneys, ovaries, and heart (Figure 2). Tumors can also develop in tissues of the carapace and plastron, as well as in the cornea of affected animals [21]. The neoformations may have a verrucous, smooth or rough appearance and have different colors, depending on the pigment of the area where the tumor originated [22].…”

Fibropapillomatosis: A Review of the Disease with Attention to the Situation Northern Coast of Brazil

“…FP is characterized by single or multiple tumors ( Figure 1 ) that develop in various regions of the body, especially at the base of the fins and tail, and on the neck, head, and eyes; they may also occur on internal organs such as the lungs, liver, kidneys, ovaries, and heart ( Figure 2 ). Tumors can also develop in tissues of the carapace and plastron, as well as in the cornea of affected animals [ 24 ]. The neoformations may have a verrucous, smooth or rough appearance and have different colors, depending on the pigment of the area where the tumor originated [ 25 ].…”