Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of tubular genital tract neoplasia in does evaluated at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals; describe the main clinical, surgical, and histopathologic or necropsy findings in affected does; and assess factors potentially associated with short-term prognosis in these animals. ANIMALS 42 does. PROCEDURES Medical records of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were searched to identify does with neoplasia of the tubular genital tract. Signalment; history; physical and diagnostic imaging results; biopsy, surgery, and necropsy findings; and short-term outcome were recorded. Age and breed frequencies for the sample were compared with those of the overall hospital population, and variables of interest were tested for associations with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and with short-term outcome by statistical methods. RESULTS Median age at hospital admission (10 years) was greater for the study sample than for the general hospital population (2 years). Pygmy goats were overrepresented (22/42 [52%]). Common reasons for evaluation were bloody vaginal discharge or hematuria and abdominal straining. Adenocarcinoma (13/42 [31%]), leiomyoma (13 [31%]), and leiomyosarcoma (11 [26%]) were the most common tumors. Does with distant metastasis had greater odds of a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (OR, 40.5) than does without distant metastasis. In the analysis adjusted for hemorrhagic discharge, odds of euthanasia for does with straining were 13 times those for does without straining. In the analysis adjusted for straining status, does with hemorrhagic discharge had almost 7 times the odds of euthanasia for does without this finding. The survival-to-discharge rate was low (13/42 [31%]). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The frequency of adenocarcinomas in the study sample was unexpectedly high. Further research is needed to confirm the study findings.

CT features of malignant tubular genital tract tumors in seven goats

“…The intra‐abdominal metastases, documented in the two patients with adenocarcinoma, are consistent with a recent study of 42 goats with neoplasia of the tubular genital tract, in which female goats with distant metastases had greater odds (OR, 40.5) of a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, compared to leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma 2 …”

“…Ultrasonography findings of the caudal abdominal region and tubular genital tract are reported in the prior study of 34/42 goats 2 and in numerous case reports: carcinosarcoma, 4 leiomyosarcoma, 11 and a adenocarcinoma and leiomyosarcoma collision tumor 3 . However, the origin of the mass as uterine could not be definitive determine by ultrasound in some of these cases 2 . At the authors’ institution, CT is commonly used in small ruminant species and is not limited by depth, a small acoustic window, or shadowing of the osseous structures.…”

“…Additionally, both a collision tumor of uterine adenocarcinoma and leiomyosarcoma 3 and a uterine carcinosarcoma 4 have been described. Prior publications have included brief ultrasonographic descriptions of uterine tumors in goats, 2–4 but computed tomography (CT) imaging findings of tumors of the tubular urogenital tract and metastatic patterns have not been established in small ruminants.…”

Case Report: Severe Anemia Associated With an Abomasal Fibrosarcoma in a Goat

“…The leiomyoma detected in the cervix in this case seems to be an independent neoplastic process and was not linked to the present disease of the goat. Cervical leiomyomas occur regularly in older female goats ( 54 ).…”

Benign mixed Müllerian (duct) vaginal tumor in a 12-y-old goat

“…Throughout domestic species, uterine adenocarcinomas, leiomyomas, and leiomyosarcomas are the most commonly diagnosed tumors. 7,10 The overall tumor prevalence in goats is relatively high at 8.7%; the neoplasm described most frequently is lymphoma. 11 Benign mixed Müllerian tumor (benign MMT), also known as spindle-cell epithelioma, has not been described previously in companion or livestock species, including ruminants, to our knowledge.…”