Neonatal Tetanus are We Winning the War?

Ide, Lucy Eberechukwu Yaguo; Uchenwa-Onyenegecha, Tochi Ada; Nte, Alice

doi:10.9734/ijtdh/2016/19046

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Tetanus is characterized by a sudden onset of painful contractions of the muscles of the face, jaw, neck and back, hypertonia and generalized muscle spasms [3]. The case fatality rate for tetanus varies from 10% to 70% globally and 27.4% to 51.0% at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, depending on the age of the patient; with most of the deaths occurring during the neonatal period [4,5,6,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetanus in School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Need for Booster Doses of Tetanus Vaccine

Alex-Hart

Long-John

2020

ACRI

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Background: Tetanus still causes significant morbidity and mortality amongst children in Nigeria despite decades of immunisation with tetanus vaccine. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, case fatality rate and predictors of fatality amongst school age children treated for tetanus at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all children aged 4 to 17 years treated for tetanus at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019. Data was obtained from the case notes and ward registers. Socio-demographic characteristics, presenting complaints, incubation period, onset interval, number of Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus (DPT) vaccine received at infancy, treatment outcome, duration and cost of hospital stay were obtained, entered into a spread sheet and analysed with SPSS version 20. Results are presented in tables and percentages. The level of significance was set at P value <0.05. Results: During the period under review, there were 53 children aged 4 to 17 years treated for tetanus, accounting for 0.3% of the total admission. The mean age was 10.79±3.35 years. There were 33 (62.26%) males and 20 (37.74%) females. Majority 26 (49.06%) of the children were of low socioeconomic class. The commonest 28(52.8%) route of infection was broomstick injury. Majority 32(60.3%) of the children were not immunised in infancy. The mean incubation period was 7.34±4.21 days and the mean onset interval was 8.87±10.44 hours. The two most common symptoms were generalized spasms 49 (21.03%) and trismus 47 (20.17%). Short incubation period (≤4 days) and short onset interval (≤4 hours) were significantly associated with higher death rates (p=0.0002; p=0.012). Patients with short incubation period of ≤4 days and short onset interval of≤ 4 hours are more likely to die (p=0.0002; p=0.012). Conclusion: There was a high tetanus case fatality rate amongst school age children at University of Port Harcourt. Short incubation period and onset interval were associated with higher mortality. Booster doses of TT containing vaccines should be administered to primary and secondary school children in Port Harcourt to curb the menace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetanus in School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Need for Booster Doses of Tetanus Vaccine

Alex-Hart

Long-John

2020

ACRI

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“…In an attempt to address these issues, there are suggestions on the need for Nigerian government to make basic obstetric care available and accessible to all irrespective of geographical location; to strengthen routine immunization in all healthcare centres; to make compulsory TT immunization to women of childbearing age; to improve health care delivery as measures that ensure NNT elimination and reduce the associated NNT high case fatality rate 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NNT Elimination and the Nigeria��s Health System: Where is the Missing Link

Saleh¹

2015

SJPH

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In 1994 when the global neonatal tetanus (NNT) elimination campaign started gaining momentum, there were 104 out of the 161 developing countries that achieved the NNT elimination in 2000 with 24 other countries close to achieving. Nigeria is among the remaining countries that are yet to achieve the global NNT elimination target as set by the WHO. Although Nigeria plays a strategic role on the African continent, the government has failed to uphold the goals of the universal basic primary health care; this made the healthcare system operating below the minimum expected standard. The problems are more pronounced in the public health sector where there is a lack of timely information to combat infectious and communicable diseases, inadequate tracking of disease outbreaks to adequately treat and preventive further spread, poor surveillance and infectious disease tracking procedures; the adverse of all these would be health insecurity potentially endangering our security as a nation.

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Neonatal Tetanus are We Winning the War?

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Tetanus in School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Need for Booster Doses of Tetanus Vaccine

Tetanus in School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Need for Booster Doses of Tetanus Vaccine

NNT Elimination and the Nigeria��s Health System: Where is the Missing Link

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